Centre for Applied Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham.
Division of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University.
Am Psychol. 2022 Feb-Mar;77(2):196-220. doi: 10.1037/amp0000832. Epub 2021 Nov 18.
Eyewitness identifications play a key role in the justice system, but eyewitnesses can make errors, often with profound consequences. We used findings from basic science and innovative technologies to develop and test whether a novel interactive lineup procedure, wherein witnesses can rotate and dynamically view the lineup faces from different angles, improves witness discrimination accuracy compared with a widely used procedure in laboratories and police forces around the world-the static frontal-pose photo lineup. No novel procedure has previously been shown to improve witness discrimination accuracy. In Experiment 1, participants ( = 220) identified culprits from sequentially presented interactive lineups or static frontal-pose photo lineups. In Experiment 2, participants ( = 8,507) identified culprits from interactive lineups that were either presented sequentially, simultaneously wherein the faces could be moved independently, or simultaneously wherein the faces moved jointly into the same angle. Sequential interactive lineups enhanced witness discrimination accuracy compared with static photo lineups, and simultaneous interactive lineups enhanced witness discrimination accuracy compared with sequential interactive lineups. These finding were true both when participants viewed suspects who were of the same or different ethnicity/race as themselves. Our findings exemplify how basic science can be used to address the important applied policy issue on how best to conduct a police lineup and reduce eyewitness errors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
目击证人的指认在司法系统中起着关键作用，但目击证人也可能犯错，而且往往会造成严重后果。我们利用基础科学和创新技术的研究成果，开发并测试了一种新颖的互动列队程序，与目前在世界各地的实验室和警察部队中广泛使用的静态正面照片列队程序相比，这种新程序能否提高证人的识别准确性。以前还没有新程序被证明可以提高证人的识别准确性。在实验 1 中，参与者（n=220）从依次呈现的互动列队或静态正面照片列队中识别出罪犯。在实验 2 中，参与者（n=8507）从互动列队中识别出罪犯，这些列队可以依次呈现，也可以同时呈现，其中人脸可以独立移动，或者同时以相同的角度移动。与静态照片列队相比，顺序呈现的互动列队提高了证人的识别准确性，同时呈现的互动列队比顺序呈现的互动列队提高了证人的识别准确性。当参与者观察到与自己种族/族裔相同或不同的嫌疑人时，这些发现都是真实的。我们的发现例证了如何利用基础科学来解决如何最好地进行警察列队以及减少目击证人错误的重要应用政策问题。
