Health Economics and Management Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Breast Disease Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Value Health Reg Issues. 2022 Mar;28:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vhri.2021.02.005. Epub 2021 Nov 15.
Gynecological cancers (GCs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. The incidence of cancer is increasing in Iran, and according to statistics, it has become the most important cause of mortality. This study aimed to assess the economic burden of GCs, including cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers, in Iran in 2014.
We used a prevalence-based cost of illness methodology to investigate the annual healthcare cost of GCs and to determine the productivity loss. The productivity loss was estimated, using the human capital approach. We obtained our data from a referral hospital for the year 2014; we also used expert opinion and occupational and statistical data. To estimate direct medical cost, we used bottom-up approach and we estimated the average cost of each procedure, multiplied by the number of patients receiving the procedure.
The total cost of GCs in Iran was estimated at $51 million in 2014. The direct costs were $32 million, and indirect costs were $19 million of the total annual cost. The total cost of ovarian cancer was the highest among 3 cancers.
Knowing that the cost of GCs has a significant impact on the burden of disease and imposes an economic burden on the country could force policy makers to allocate their resource in the prevention programs and new approach in patient's management. This could lead to diagnose more GCs in the early stages, reduce mortality, and increase the quality of life.
妇科癌症（GCs）是全球女性发病率和死亡率的重要原因。癌症的发病率在伊朗呈上升趋势，根据统计数据，癌症已成为最重要的死亡原因。本研究旨在评估 2014 年伊朗妇科癌症（包括宫颈癌、卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌）的经济负担。
我们使用基于患病率的疾病成本法来调查 GCs 的年度医疗保健成本，并确定生产力损失。使用人力资本法估算生产力损失。我们的数据来自 2014 年的一家转诊医院；我们还使用了专家意见和职业及统计数据。为了估计直接医疗成本，我们采用自下而上的方法，计算每个程序的平均成本，然后乘以接受该程序的患者人数。
2014 年伊朗 GCs 的总成本估计为 5100 万美元。直接成本为 3200 万美元，间接成本为 1900 万美元，占总年度成本的 19%。3 种癌症中，卵巢癌的总成本最高。
了解 GCs 的成本对疾病负担有重大影响，并给国家带来经济负担，这可能迫使政策制定者在预防计划和患者管理的新方法上分配资源。这可能导致更早地诊断出更多的 GCs，降低死亡率，并提高生活质量。
