Diamond R D, Krzesicki R, Epstein B, Jao W
Am J Pathol. 1978 May;91(2):313-28.
Evidence suggests that neutrophils are important in host defenses against invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis, although hyphae in these lesions are too large to be phagocytized. Interactions of neutrophils with hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus oryzae were studed in vitro. Light and electron microscopic observations indicated that neutrophils attached to and spread over the surfaces of hyphae, even in the absence of serum. This was followed by dramatic morphologic changes which suggested severe damage and probably death of hyphae. An assay of neutrophil-induced reduction of uptake of radioisotopes was used to quantitate damage to the fungi by neutrophils from normal subjects. Damage to hyphae was inhibited by a variety of compounds which are known to affect neutrophil surface functions, motility, and metabolism. Use of inhibitors of oxidative microbicidal mechanisms of neutrophils indicated the central importance of these mechanisms in damage to hyphae. Inhibitors of neutrophil cationic proteins altered damage only to Rhizopus. Damage to hyphae by lysozyme suggested that it may play a secondary role in the neutrophil, primarily against Aspergillus. This new nonphagocytic mechanism may play an important role in host defenses against these and other hyphal forms of fungi.
有证据表明，中性粒细胞在宿主抵御侵袭性曲霉病和毛霉病的防御中很重要，尽管这些病变中的菌丝太大而无法被吞噬。在体外研究了中性粒细胞与烟曲霉和米根霉菌丝的相互作用。光学和电子显微镜观察表明，即使在没有血清的情况下，中性粒细胞也会附着并扩散到菌丝表面。随后发生了显著的形态学变化，这表明菌丝受到了严重损伤，可能已经死亡。使用中性粒细胞诱导的放射性同位素摄取减少的测定法来定量正常受试者的中性粒细胞对真菌的损伤。已知会影响中性粒细胞表面功能、运动性和代谢的多种化合物可抑制对菌丝的损伤。使用中性粒细胞氧化杀菌机制的抑制剂表明这些机制在对菌丝的损伤中至关重要。中性粒细胞阳离子蛋白的抑制剂仅改变了对根霉的损伤。溶菌酶对菌丝的损伤表明它可能在中性粒细胞中起次要作用，主要针对曲霉。这种新的非吞噬机制可能在宿主抵御这些和其他菌丝形式真菌的防御中发挥重要作用。
