Management practice, quality of life and associated factors in psoriasis patients attending a dermatological center in Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation and aberrant differentiation with great negative impact on patients' quality of life (QoL). This study aimed at assessing factors influencing management practice, and QoL and its associated factors among ambulatory psoriatic patients visiting All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training (ALERT) Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A cross sectional study was conducted in 207 patients with psoriasis attending the dermatology clinic of ALERT Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and patients' chart review. Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was used to measure patients' QoL. Patients' characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics and predictors of QoL were identified by binary logistic regression.

RESULTS

Among 207 study participants, 122 (58.9%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 37.92 (SD = 14.86) years (ranging from 16 to 68 years). The mean age at which diagnosis of psoriasis made was 32 (SD = 13.7) years ranging from 10 to 62 years. The duration of the disease in 112 (54.1%) patients were more than or equal to 5 years. Majority of study participants 145 (70.0%) had plaque psoriasis followed by sebopsoriasis, 24 (11.6%). The majority of plaque psoriasis (80%) cases were managed by topical corticosteroids with or without salicylic acid or coal tar and only 21 (14.5%) treated by methotrexate alone. The mean DLQI was 6.25 corresponding to a moderate effect. Symptoms and feelings were the most affected domains of QoL. Factors associated with poor QoL were female [AOR = 0.17 (95%CI: 0.06, 0.48)], low, above average and high family income ([AOR = 0.12 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.56)], [AOR = 0.06 (95% CI:0.01, 0.32)], and [AOR = 0.03 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.22)]), respectively, and primary education level [AOR = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.64)] while being on systemic therapy [AOR = 4.26 (CI: 1.18, 15.35)] was predictor of better QoL. Poor QoL was predominant in females [AOR = 0.17 (95%CI: 0.06, 0.48)], low income [AOR = 0.12 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.56] patients, and patients with primary education level [AOR = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.64)]. Patients on systemic therapy [AOR = 4.26 (CI: 1.18, 15.35)] had good QoL.

CONCLUSION

Our study identified that topical corticosteroids were the mainstay of psoriasis treatment in the dermatology clinic of ALERT Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Moderate effect QoL was achieved by study participants based on DLQL score.