Examining the relationship between psychosis and immigration in Spain: The effect of cannabis use and language barrier in a large psychosis sample.

The main aim of this study is to examine the association between psychosis and immigration, independent of the language barrier, drug consumption, and the social support index. The second aim is to explore the clinical and demographic characteristics of the immigrants in the catchment area, compared with the native Spanish population suffering from psychosis. All consecutive patients admitted to a hospital in Spain during 2018 and 2019 (n = 1484) were identified through the hospital's clinical records. The general representative sample (n=1484) was divided into two groups: immigrants (n=131) and non-immigrants (n=1353). Demographic, clinical, and social variables were then obtained and included in a logistic regression model. A subsample with all consecutive cases with psychosis (93 immigrants and 543 no immigrants) was also analysed to describe the diagnosis and evolution after admission. Our results show that there is higher significant prevalence of admissions due to psychosis in the immigrant population than in the non-immigrant population. This association is prominent in the population of Sub-Saharans, and is independent of cannabis use, a low social support index, or a language barrier. Understanding the specificities not only in the social context of this population but also the clinical needs is determinant for being able to shape the therapeutic intervention.