Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63333, Republic of Korea.
Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2022 Feb-Mar;258:110699. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110699. Epub 2021 Nov 18.
Viperin is known to exhibit activity against RNA viral infection. Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus that causes severe loss in aquaculture species. Susceptible species include redlip mullets (Liza haematocheila), which has become an economically important euryhaline mugilid species in offshore aquaculture along the west coast of Korea. Although interferon-stimulated genes are suspected to act against VHSV, specific pathways or mechanisms of these antiviral actions in redlip mullets have not yet been established. In silico studies of the mullet viperin (Lhrsad2) revealed an S-adenosyl methionine binding conserved domain containing the CNYKCGFC sequence. In the tissue distribution, the highest levels of lhrsad2 expression were observed in the blood. When injected with poly(I:C), an approximately 17-fold upregulation (compared to the control) of viperin was detected in the blood after 24 h. Furthermore, non-viral immune stimuli, including Lactococcus garvieae (L. garvieae) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), that were injected into redlip mullets were not found to induce considerable levels of viperin expression. Subcellular analysis revealed that Lhrsad2 localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To investigate Lhrsad2's antiviral effects against VHSV, cells overexpressing lhrsad2 were infected with VHSV, and then the viral titer and viral gene expression were analyzed. Both assays revealed the potential of Lhrsad2 to significantly reduce VHSV transcription and replication. In brief, the current study illustrates the remarkable ability of viperin to weaken VHSV in redlip mullet.
Viperin 被认为对 RNA 病毒感染具有活性。病毒性出血性败血症病毒 (VHSV) 是一种负义单链 RNA 病毒，可导致水产养殖物种严重损失。易感物种包括红唇鱼（Liza haematocheila），它已成为韩国西海岸近海养殖中具有经济重要性的广盐性鲷科鱼类。尽管干扰素刺激基因被怀疑对 VHSV 起作用，但红唇鱼中这些抗病毒作用的特定途径或机制尚未确定。对鲷鱼 viperin (Lhrsad2) 的计算机分析揭示了一个包含 CNYKCGFC 序列的 S-腺苷甲硫氨酸结合保守结构域。在组织分布中，lhrsad2 表达的最高水平出现在血液中。当用 poly(I:C) 注射时，在血液中检测到 viperin 的表达上调了约 17 倍（与对照相比），在 24 小时后。此外，注射到红唇鱼中的非病毒免疫刺激剂，包括鳗弧菌（L. garvieae）和脂多糖（LPS），并未诱导 viperin 表达相当高的水平。亚细胞分析表明 Lhrsad2 定位于内质网 (ER)。为了研究 Lhrsad2 对 VHSV 的抗病毒作用，用 VHSV 感染过表达 lhrsad2 的细胞，然后分析病毒滴度和病毒基因表达。两种测定均表明 Lhrsad2 具有显著降低 VHSV 转录和复制的潜力。简而言之，本研究说明了 viperin 在削弱红唇鱼中的 VHSV 方面的显著能力。
