Department of Economics, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago; HEU, Centre for Health Economics, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago; Arthur Lok Jack Global School of Business, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Value Health Reg Issues. 2022 May;29:45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.vhri.2021.09.005. Epub 2021 Nov 18.
There has been a growing interest in the use of EQ-5D health outcomes measures in Latin America and the Caribbean. Population norms data provide a benchmark against which clinicians, researchers, and policy makers can compare the health status of patient, treatment, or demographic groups. This study aimed to provide EQ-5D-5L population norms for Belize.
The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire was included in a national survey in Belize in 2014. The survey also captured key demographic variables. EQ-5D-5L health states, EQ-5D visual analog scale (EQ VAS) scores, and EQ-5D-5L index values (based on the Trinidad and Tobago value set) were obtained for key demographic groups in Belize.
A representative sample of 2078 respondents completed the survey. The mean index value, EQ VAS score, and ceiling level for Belize were 0.947, 82.6, and 67.8%, respectively. Similar to other Caribbean countries, Belizeans self-reported relatively high EQ VAS scores and ceiling levels compared with non-Caribbean regions. Men reported generally higher health status than women, health status declined as age rises, and the dimensions with the highest burden were pain/discomfort and mobility.
This study provides researchers and practitioners in Belize with tools to use EQ-5D-5L. Users can apply the EQ VAS scores and EQ-5D-5L states presented herein as reference values. Until an EQ-5D-5L value set is created for Belize, the Trinidad and Tobago index values can be applied to Belizean-reported EQ-5D-5L states, which can then be compared with the index values presented in this study.
拉丁美洲和加勒比地区越来越关注使用 EQ-5D 健康结果测量。人口规范数据提供了一个基准，临床医生、研究人员和政策制定者可以用其来比较患者、治疗或人群群体的健康状况。本研究旨在为伯利兹提供 EQ-5D-5L 人口规范数据。
2014 年，在伯利兹进行的一项全国性调查中纳入了 EQ-5D-5L 问卷。该调查还捕获了关键人口统计学变量。为伯利兹的关键人口统计学群体获得了 EQ-5D-5L 健康状态、EQ-5D 视觉模拟量表（EQ VAS）评分和 EQ-5D-5L 指数值（基于特立尼达和多巴哥值集）。
有 2078 名代表性受访者完成了调查。伯利兹的平均指数值、EQ VAS 评分和上限水平分别为 0.947、82.6 和 67.8%。与其他加勒比国家一样，伯利兹人自我报告的 EQ VAS 评分和上限水平相对高于非加勒比地区。男性的健康状况普遍高于女性，健康状况随着年龄的增长而下降，负担最高的维度是疼痛/不适和行动能力。
本研究为伯利兹的研究人员和从业者提供了使用 EQ-5D-5L 的工具。用户可以应用本文提供的 EQ VAS 评分和 EQ-5D-5L 状态作为参考值。在为伯利兹创建 EQ-5D-5L 值集之前，可以将特立尼达和多巴哥指数值应用于伯利兹报告的 EQ-5D-5L 状态，然后可以将其与本文中呈现的指数值进行比较。
