Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India; Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
Talanta. 2022 Feb 1;238(Pt 2):123048. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123048. Epub 2021 Nov 8.
Consumption of illicit narcotic drugs and fatal or criminal activities under their influence has become an utmost concern worldwide. These drugs influence an individual's feelings, perceptions, and emotions by altering the state of consciousness and thus can result in serious safety breaches at critical workplaces. Point-of-care drug-testing devices have become the need-of-the-hour for many sections such as the law enforcement agencies, the workplaces, etc. for safety and security. This review focuses on the recent progress on various electrochemical and optical nanosensors developed for the analysis of the most common illicit drugs (or their metabolites) such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cocaine (COC), opioids (OPs), amphetamines & methamphetamine, and benzodiazepine (BZDs). The paper also highlights the sensitivity and selectivity of various sensing modalities along with evolving parameters such as real-time monitoring and measurement via a smart user interface. An overall outlook of recent technological advances in point of care (POC) devices and guided insights and directions for future research is presented.
非法麻醉药品的消费以及受其影响的致命或犯罪活动已成为全球最关注的问题。这些毒品通过改变意识状态来影响个人的感觉、知觉和情绪，因此可能会在关键工作场所造成严重的安全漏洞。即时检测毒品的检测设备已经成为执法机构、工作场所等许多部门的必需品，以确保安全。这篇综述重点介绍了最近在电化学和光学纳米传感器方面的进展，这些传感器用于分析最常见的非法药物（或其代谢物），如四氢大麻酚（THC）、可卡因（COC）、阿片类药物（OPs）、苯丙胺和苯丙胺类药物以及苯二氮䓬类（BZDs）。本文还强调了各种传感模式的灵敏度和选择性，以及通过智能用户界面进行实时监测和测量等不断发展的参数。本文还介绍了即时检测（POC）设备的最新技术进展的总体展望，并为未来的研究提供了指导意见和方向。
