The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.
The University of Texas at Austin.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2022 Dec;93(4):835-844. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1925207. Epub 2021 Nov 22.
: Little is known about children's experience with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) during elementary school. Perceptions of enjoyment, perceived competence, and motivation are likely to drive long-term adherence and are, therefore, critical to understanding how HIIT might be implemented in this setting. The purpose of this study was to describe children's vigorous physical activity (VPA), enjoyment, and perceived competency of HIIT activities within a Self-Determination Theory framework (autonomy) in elementary school physical education (PE) classes. : Participants were 402 children from a single, diverse elementary school (49.4% female, 59.6% Non-Hispanic white). Student enjoyment and perceived competency were collected following teacher- (non-autonomous) and student-led (autonomous) conditions. A sub-set of 201 children wore accelerometers to measure percent of time in VPA during HIIT conditions. This mixed factorial design was assessed through a series of repeated measures ANOVAs. : While children reported generally positive enjoyment and perceived competence in both conditions (rating over 4.0 on a 5-point scale), children significantly enjoyed = 0.44) and felt more competent ( = 0.11) during the autonomous HIIT condition compared to the nonautonomous HIIT condition. In contrast, the percent of time in VPA ( = 0.94) was significantly lower in the autonomous condition. : These data illustrate a challenging trade-off with the design of HIIT trials. Increasing autonomy through the inclusion of student choice increased enjoyment and perceived competence of HIIT, which are likely to improve adherence, but lowered VPA, which is likely to reduce cardiometabolic impact.: U.S.: United States; PA: Physical activity; MVPA; Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; PE: Physical education; CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Randomized control trial, RCT; SDT: Self-Determination Theory; HIIT: High-intensity interval training; RCT: Randomized control trial; VPA: Vigorous physical activity; IRB; Institutional Review Board; HFZ: Healthy Fitness Zone; PACES: Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale; M: Mean; SD: Standard deviation.
关于小学生进行高强度间歇训练（HIIT）的体验，目前知之甚少。享受度、感知能力和动机很可能是推动长期坚持的因素，因此，了解 HIIT 如何在这种环境中实施至关重要。本研究的目的是在自我决定理论框架（自主性）内描述小学生体育课中 HIIT 活动的剧烈身体活动（VPA）、享受度和感知能力。
参与者是来自一所单一、多元化的小学的 402 名儿童（49.4%为女性，59.6%为非西班牙裔白人）。在教师指导（非自主）和学生主导（自主）条件下收集学生的享受度和感知能力。在 HIIT 条件下，有 201 名儿童佩戴加速度计测量 VPA 的时间百分比。这种混合因子设计通过一系列重复测量方差分析进行评估。
虽然儿童在两种条件下报告的享受度和感知能力普遍较高（在 5 分制中评分超过 4.0），但在自主 HIIT 条件下，儿童明显更享受（ = 0.44），感觉更有能力（ = 0.11），而在非自主 HIIT 条件下，VPA 的时间百分比明显较低（ = 0.94）。
这些数据说明了 HIIT 试验设计的一个具有挑战性的权衡。通过纳入学生的选择来增加自主性，提高了 HIIT 的享受度和感知能力，这可能会提高依从性，但降低了 VPA，这可能会降低心血管代谢的影响。
