Li Qianyuan, Li Li, He Xianyi, Wang Huilin
School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, People's Republic of China.
College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410017, People's Republic of China.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2024 Dec 12;17:3125-3136. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S497472. eCollection 2024.
The lack of physical activity poses a major challenge to adolescents' healthy physical and mental development. Despite growing attention, research on how the school physical activity climate affects Chinese adolescents' participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) remains scarce. This study explores this relationship through the lens of ecological systems theory, focusing on the mediating roles of physical education satisfaction and perceived barriers. It also proposes strategies to promote MVPA among Chinese adolescents.
This cross-sectional study employed convenience and snowball sampling methods to examine the impact of the school physical activity climate on adolescent participation in MVPA. It also explored the mediating roles of physical education satisfaction and perceived barriers. Four variables in the study were measured using established scales: Physical Activity Climate, Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity, Physical Education Satisfaction, and Physical Activity Assessment. The data were analyzed using AMOS v.23 to construct and test a structural equation model.
A total of 612 adolescents aged 12 to 18 from six key middle schools in central China participated in the study. The findings showed that a positive school physical activity climate significantly promotes MVPA participation. Physical education satisfaction positively correlated with MVPA ( = 0.322, < 0.001), while perceived barriers negatively correlated with both physical education satisfaction ( = -0.449, < 0.001) and MVPA ( = -0.366, < 0.001). Satisfaction with physical education and perceived barriers mediated the relationship between the school climate and MVPA, emphasizing their importance in shaping adolescent physical activity behavior. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results (χ²/df = 1.928, GFI = 0.969, AGFI = 0.956, NFI = 0.962, CFI = 0.981, RMSEA = 0.037) confirmed the model's robustness and good fit.
Adolescents in a positive physical activity climate are more likely to overlook perceived barriers, enjoy higher satisfaction in PE classes, and actively engage in MVPA. Schools and educators are advised to foster a supportive physical activity environment to boost adolescent MVPA participation, considering the unique context of China's educational system.
缺乏体育活动对青少年身心健康发展构成重大挑战。尽管关注度不断提高，但关于学校体育活动氛围如何影响中国青少年参与中等到剧烈体育活动（MVPA）的研究仍然匮乏。本研究通过生态系统理论的视角探讨这种关系，重点关注体育教育满意度和感知障碍的中介作用。同时还提出促进中国青少年参与MVPA的策略。
本横断面研究采用便利抽样和滚雪球抽样方法，考察学校体育活动氛围对青少年参与MVPA的影响。还探讨了体育教育满意度和感知障碍的中介作用。研究中的四个变量使用既定量表进行测量：体育活动氛围、体育活动感知障碍、体育教育满意度和体育活动评估。使用AMOS v.23对数据进行分析，以构建和检验结构方程模型。
来自中国中部六所重点中学的612名12至18岁青少年参与了本研究。研究结果表明，积极的学校体育活动氛围显著促进MVPA参与。体育教育满意度与MVPA呈正相关（= 0.322，< 0.001），而感知障碍与体育教育满意度（= -0.449，< 0.001）和MVPA（= -0.366，< 0.001）均呈负相关。体育教育满意度和感知障碍在学校氛围与MVPA之间的关系中起中介作用，强调了它们在塑造青少年体育活动行为中的重要性。验证性因素分析（CFA）结果（χ²/df = 1.928，GFI = 0.969，AGFI = 0.956，NFI = 0.962，CFI = 0.981，RMSEA = 0.037）证实了模型的稳健性和良好拟合度。
处于积极体育活动氛围中的青少年更有可能忽略感知障碍，在体育课上享受更高的满意度，并积极参与MVPA。建议学校和教育工作者营造支持性的体育活动环境，以提高青少年MVPA参与度，同时考虑中国教育系统的独特背景。
