面向新冠疫情期间及之后一线医护人员的工作场所压力管理移动应用程序设计：混合方法定性研究

Toward Designs of Workplace Stress Management Mobile Apps for Frontline Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: Mixed Methods Qualitative Study.

作者信息

Chaudhry Beenish Moalla, Islam Ashraful, Matthieu Monica

机构信息

University of Louisiana at Lafayette, School of Computing and Informatics, Lafayette, LA, United States.

Saint Louis University, College for Public Health and Social Justice, School of Social Work, Saint Louis, MO, United States.

出版信息

JMIR Form Res. 2022 Jan 13;6(1):e30640. doi: 10.2196/30640.

DOI:10.2196/30640

PMID:34806985

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8789255/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In recent years, mobile apps have been developed to prevent burnout, promote anxiety management, and provide health education to workers in various workplace settings. However, there remains a paucity of such apps for frontline health workers (FHWs), even though FHWs are the most susceptible to stress due to the nature of their jobs.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to provide suggestions for designing stress management apps to address workplace stressors of FHWs based on the understanding of their needs from FHWs' own perspectives and theories of stress.

METHODS

A mixed methods qualitative study was conducted. Using a variety of search strings, we first collected 41 relevant web-based news articles published between December 2019 and May 2020 through the Google search engine. We then conducted a cross-sectional survey with 20 FHWs. Two researchers independently conducted qualitative analysis of all the collected data using a deductive followed by an inductive approach.

RESULTS

Prevailing uncertainty and fear of contracting the infection was causing stress among FHWs. Moral injury associated with seeing patients die from lack of care and lack of experience in handling various circumstances were other sources of stress. FHWs mentioned 4 coping strategies. Quick coping strategies such as walking away from stressful situations, entertainment, and exercise were the most common ways to mitigate the impact of stress at work. Peer support and counseling services were other popular methods. Building resilience and driving oneself forward using internal motivation were also meaningful ways of overcoming stressful situations. Time constraints and limited management support prevented FHWs from engaging in stress management activities.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study identified stressors, coping strategies, and challenges with applying coping strategies that can guide the design of stress management apps for FHWs. Given that the pandemic is ongoing and health care crises continue, FHWs remain a vulnerable population in need of attention.

摘要

背景

近年来，已开发出移动应用程序来预防职业倦怠、促进焦虑管理，并为各种工作场所的员工提供健康教育。然而，针对一线医护人员（FHWs）的此类应用程序仍然匮乏，尽管由于工作性质，一线医护人员最容易受到压力影响。

目的

本研究的目的是基于从一线医护人员自身角度对其需求的理解以及压力理论，为设计压力管理应用程序以应对一线医护人员的工作场所压力源提供建议。

方法

进行了一项混合方法的定性研究。使用各种搜索词，我们首先通过谷歌搜索引擎收集了2019年12月至2020年5月期间发表的41篇相关网络新闻文章。然后对20名一线医护人员进行了横断面调查。两名研究人员使用演绎法 followed by an inductive approach（此处原文有误，应改为“followed by an inductive approach”，意为“然后采用归纳法”）对所有收集到的数据进行了定性分析。

结果

普遍存在的不确定性以及对感染的恐惧给一线医护人员带来了压力。与目睹患者因缺乏护理而死亡以及在处理各种情况时缺乏经验相关的道德伤害是其他压力来源。一线医护人员提到了4种应对策略。快速应对策略，如远离压力情境、娱乐和锻炼，是减轻工作压力影响的最常见方式。同伴支持和咨询服务是其他受欢迎的方法。利用内在动力培养适应力并推动自己前进也是克服压力情境的有效方式。时间限制和管理支持有限阻碍了一线医护人员参与压力管理活动。