College of Nursing, The Ohio State University.
Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2021 Oct;89(10):845-855. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000689.
The prevalence of anxiety and depressive (i.e., internalizing) disorders is higher among bi+ individuals (i.e., individuals with attractions to more than one gender and/or who identify as bisexual or pansexual) compared to both heterosexual and lesbian/gay individuals. Cross-sectional research has demonstrated that stressors unique to bi+ individuals are associated with internalizing symptoms. However, longitudinal research examining these associations and underlying mechanisms is extremely limited. We utilized five waves of data (6 months between waves) from a diverse sample of bi+ individuals assigned female at birth (age 16-32; 29% gender minority; 72.9% racial/ethnic minority) to examine: (a) prospective associations between three bi+ stressors (enacted, internalized, anticipated bi+ stigma) and internalizing symptoms; (b) potential mediating role of rumination in these associations; and (c) potential mediating roles of internalized and anticipated bi+ stigma in associations between enacted bi+ stigma and internalizing symptoms. At the within-person level, when participants experienced more bi+ stressors than usual during a particular wave, they experienced subsequent increases in internalizing symptoms. Increases in rumination mediated these associations. Associations between enacted bi+ stigma and internalizing symptoms were mediated by increases in internalized and anticipated bi+ stigma. Findings indicate that bi+ stressors prospectively predict increases in internalizing symptoms and rumination may play a mechanistic role. Further, findings suggest that internalized and anticipated bi+ stigma may play mechanistic roles in the associations between enacted bi+ stigma and internalizing symptoms. Interventions targeting rumination, internalized stigma, and anticipated bi+ stigma may help to reduce internalizing symptoms among bi+ individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
双性恋（即对超过一种性别有吸引力，或自认为双性恋或泛性恋的个体）个体的焦虑和抑郁（即内化）障碍的患病率高于异性恋和同性恋个体。横断面研究表明，双性恋个体特有的应激源与内化症状有关。然而，纵向研究检查这些关联和潜在机制的研究极为有限。我们利用来自出生时被分配为女性的多样化双性恋个体样本的五波数据（波与波之间间隔 6 个月；30%的性别少数群体；72.9%的种族/族裔少数群体），来检验：（a）三种双性恋应激源（实施、内化、预期的双性恋耻辱感）与内化症状之间的前瞻性关联；（b）反刍在这些关联中的潜在中介作用；（c）内化和预期的双性恋耻辱感在实施的双性恋耻辱感与内化症状之间的关联中的潜在中介作用。在个体内水平上，当参与者在特定波次经历比平时更多的双性恋应激源时，他们随后会出现内化症状的增加。反刍的增加介导了这些关联。实施的双性恋耻辱感与内化症状之间的关联是由内化和预期的双性恋耻辱感的增加介导的。研究结果表明，双性恋应激源前瞻性地预测内化症状的增加，反刍可能发挥机制作用。此外，研究结果表明，内化和预期的双性恋耻辱感可能在实施的双性恋耻辱感与内化症状之间的关联中发挥机制作用。针对反刍、内化耻辱感和预期的双性恋耻辱感的干预措施可能有助于减少双性恋个体的内化症状。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
