Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2022;57(2):287-294. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2021.2003403. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
It is critical to gain further understanding of etiologic factors, such as descriptive normative perceptions and behavioral willingness, that are associated with prescription stimulant misuse (PSM) among young adults. Our primary hypotheses were that descriptive normative perceptions for PSM (i.e., perceptions of how much and how often others engage in PSM) and perceived peer willingness (i.e., perceptions of how open others are to PSM under certain circumstances) would be positively associated with higher willingness to engage in PSM, which in turn would account for significant shared variance with self-reported PSM. Data were collected from a U.S. sample of 18-20-year-olds (N = 1,065; 54.5% females; 70.5% White) recruited for a larger study on alcohol-related risky sexual behavior. Findings indicated higher descriptive normative perceptions and higher perceived peer willingness were associated with higher participants' willingness to engage in PSM. Participants' own willingness was positively associated with PSM. Finally, participants' own willingness to use, descriptive normative perceptions, and perceived peer willingness were associated with higher willingness to engage in PSM, which accounted for significant shared variance with self-reported PSM. Findings suggest the potential utility of personalized feedback interventions for PSM that focus on constructs such as descriptive normative perceptions and behavioral willingness.
深入了解与年轻人处方兴奋剂滥用（PSM）相关的病因因素至关重要，如描述性规范认知和行为意愿。我们的主要假设是，对 PSM 的描述性规范认知（即对他人进行 PSM 的程度和频率的认知）和感知到的同伴意愿（即对他人在某些情况下对 PSM 的开放程度的认知）与更高的 PSM 意愿呈正相关，而这种意愿反过来又会与自我报告的 PSM 存在显著的共同方差。数据来自美国一项针对 18-20 岁年轻人（N=1065；女性占 54.5%；70.5%为白人）的更大规模酒精相关危险性行为研究中的样本。研究结果表明，更高的描述性规范认知和更高的感知同伴意愿与参与者更高的 PSM 意愿相关。参与者自身的意愿与 PSM 呈正相关。最后，参与者自身的使用意愿、描述性规范认知和感知到的同伴意愿与更高的 PSM 意愿相关，这与自我报告的 PSM 存在显著的共同方差。研究结果表明，针对 PSM 的个性化反馈干预措施具有潜在的应用价值，这些干预措施侧重于描述性规范认知和行为意愿等构念。
