Rahimpour Shervin, Rajkumar Shashank, Hallett Mark
Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA.
J Mov Disord. 2022 Jan;15(1):21-32. doi: 10.14802/jmd.21075. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and nonmotor symptoms. Although the basal ganglia is traditionally the primary brain region implicated in this disease process, this limited view ignores the roles of the cortex and cerebellum that are networked with the basal ganglia to support motor and cognitive functions. In particular, recent research has highlighted dysfunction in the supplementary motor complex (SMC) in patients with PD. Using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, we identified research articles using keywords pertaining to the involvement of the SMC in action sequencing impairments, temporal processing disturbances, and gait impairment in patients with PD. A review of abstracts and full-text articles was used to identify relevant articles. In this review of 63 articles, we focus on the role of the SMC in PD, highlighting anatomical and functional data to create new perspectives in understanding clinical symptoms and, potentially, new therapeutic targets. The SMC has a nuanced role in the pathophysiology of PD, with both hypo- and hyperactivation associated with various symptoms. Further studies using more standardized patient populations and functional tasks are needed to more clearly elucidate the role of this region in the pathophysiology and treatment of PD.
帕金森病（PD）是一种以运动和非运动症状为特征的神经退行性疾病。尽管传统上基底神经节被认为是参与该疾病进程的主要脑区，但这种有限的观点忽略了与基底神经节相互连接以支持运动和认知功能的皮层和小脑的作用。特别是，最近的研究突出了帕金森病患者辅助运动复合体（SMC）的功能障碍。我们使用PubMed和谷歌学术搜索引擎，通过与帕金森病患者中SMC参与动作序列障碍、时间处理障碍和步态障碍相关的关键词来识别研究文章。通过对摘要和全文文章的综述来确定相关文章。在这篇对63篇文章的综述中，我们聚焦于SMC在帕金森病中的作用，突出解剖学和功能数据，以在理解临床症状以及潜在的新治疗靶点方面创造新的视角。SMC在帕金森病的病理生理学中具有微妙的作用，激活不足和过度激活都与各种症状相关。需要使用更标准化的患者群体和功能任务进行进一步研究，以更清楚地阐明该区域在帕金森病病理生理学和治疗中的作用。
