The Media School At Indiana University, 601 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2022 Feb;51(2):1281-1292. doi: 10.1007/s10508-021-02135-0. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
Pornography and attitude change studies most often adopt a sexual scripting (SS) perspective. The moral incongruence (MI) perspective on pornography has gained prominence in recent years, however, and may lead to differential predictions from the SS approach. Specifically, a detailed reading of MI and SS papers reveals the potential for discrepant predictions about the effect of pornography on sexual permissiveness, one of the most studied outcomes in pornography research. From an SS perspective, pornography use increases sexual permissiveness, but the preexisting traditional sexual scripts of the religious lessen the magnitude of this effect. Alternatively, the MI perspective implies the possibility that religious persons become more opposed to permissive sexuality as a result of their pornography use, as a way to mitigate the cognitive dissonance they feel for engaging in a sexual behavior proscribed by their faith tradition. The present study explored these divergent possibilities using nationally representative U.S. data. Across four meta-samples and four indicators of sexual permissiveness, religious nonviewers of pornography were the least sexually permissive, followed by religious viewers, nonreligious nonviewers, and nonreligious viewers. These results were robust over time and maintained after adjusting for demographics. For theorizing about pornography, religiosity, and sexual permissiveness, these results suggest that an SS approach may be preferable to an MI approach. The importance of continued research using both the SS and MI perspectives is discussed, however, emphasizing that the present study extrapolated a potential prediction from MI rather than a formal postulate put forth by the model's creators.
色情作品和态度改变研究通常采用性脚本（SS）视角。然而，近年来，关于色情作品的道德不一致（MI）视角引起了人们的关注，并且可能会导致与 SS 方法的不同预测。具体来说，对 MI 和 SS 论文的详细阅读揭示了色情作品对性行为宽容度的影响的潜在不同预测，性行为宽容度是色情作品研究中研究最多的结果之一。从 SS 的角度来看，色情作品的使用会增加性行为的宽容度，但宗教的传统性脚本会降低这种影响的程度。或者，MI 视角暗示了宗教人士可能会因为使用色情作品而对宽容的性行为变得更加反对，作为减轻他们因从事信仰传统所禁止的性行为而感到的认知失调的一种方式。本研究使用具有全国代表性的美国数据探索了这些不同的可能性。在四个元样本和四个性行为宽容度指标中，不观看色情作品的宗教人士是最不宽容的，其次是观看色情作品的宗教人士、不观看色情作品的非宗教人士和观看色情作品的非宗教人士。这些结果在时间上是稳健的，并且在调整人口统计数据后仍然保持。对于色情作品、宗教和性行为宽容度的理论化，这些结果表明，SS 方法可能优于 MI 方法。然而，讨论了继续使用 SS 和 MI 视角进行研究的重要性，强调本研究只是从 MI 中推断出一个潜在的预测，而不是该模型创建者提出的正式假设。
