南非纳尔逊·曼德拉湾市医疗保健专业人员的培训、态度和实践（TAP）：从健康促进和疾病预防的角度来看。
Training, Attitudes, and Practice (TAP) among healthcare professionals in the Nelson Mandela Bay municipality, South Africa: A health promotion and disease prevention perspective.
机构信息
College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban, South Africa.
Eastern Cape Department of Health, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 Nov 24;16(11):e0259884. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259884. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) play a pivotal role in ensuring access to quality healthcare of patients. However, their role in health promotion (HP) and disease prevention (DP) has not been fully explored. This study aimed at determining how training, attitude, and practice (TAP) of HCPs influence their practice of HP and DP.
METHODS
Data on TAP regarding HP and DP were collected from 495 HCPs from twenty-three hospitals in the study area using a standardized questionnaire. Bivariate, univariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted to describe how the TAP of HCPs influence their HP and DP practices. The analysis was further desegregated at the three levels of healthcare (primary, secondary and tertiary levels).
RESULTS
Most of the medical doctors 36.12% (n = 173), registered nurses 28.39% (n = 136), and allied health professionals (AHPs) 11.27% (n = 54) indicated the absence of coordinated HP training for staff in their facilities. Similarly, 32.93% (n = 193) of the HCPs, indicated having participated in HP or DP training. Among those that had participated in HP and DP training, benefits of training were positive behaviour, attributions, and emotional responses. When compared at the different levels of healthcare, enhanced staff satisfaction and continuing professional development for HP were statistically significant only at the tertiary healthcare level. Multivariate analysis showed a likelihood of reduced coordinated HP training for staff among medical doctors (Coef 0.15; 95% CI 0.07-0.32) and AHPs (Coef 0.24; 95% CI 0.10-0.59) compared to nurses. Furthermore, medical doctors (Coeff: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.46-0.94) were less likely to agree that HCPs should model good health behavior to render HP services as compared to nurses.
CONCLUSION
Training in HP and DP empowers HCPs with the requisite knowledge and attitude necessary for effective practice. Several HCPs at different levels of care had limited knowledge of HP and DP because of inadequate training. We recommend a strategy aimed at addressing the knowledge and attitudinal gaps of HCPs to ensure effective HP and DP services to patients.
背景
医疗保健专业人员（HCPs）在确保患者获得高质量医疗保健方面发挥着关键作用。然而，他们在健康促进（HP）和疾病预防（DP）方面的作用尚未得到充分探索。本研究旨在确定 HCP 的培训、态度和实践（TAP）如何影响他们的 HP 和 DP 实践。
方法
使用标准化问卷从研究区域的 23 家医院收集了 495 名 HCP 的关于 HP 和 DP 的 TAP 数据。进行了单变量、多变量分析，以描述 HCP 的 TAP 如何影响他们的 HP 和 DP 实践。分析进一步在三个医疗保健级别（初级、二级和三级）进行细分。
结果
大多数医生（n = 173）占 36.12%，注册护士（n = 136）占 28.39%，以及辅助医疗专业人员（AHPs）占 11.27%（n = 54）表示他们所在机构没有为员工提供协调的 HP 培训。同样，32.93%（n = 193）的 HCP 表示参加过 HP 或 DP 培训。在参加过 HP 和 DP 培训的人中，培训的好处是积极的行为、归因和情绪反应。在不同的医疗保健级别进行比较时，只有在三级医疗保健级别，员工满意度提高和 HP 持续专业发展才有统计学意义。多变量分析表明，与护士相比，医生（Coef 0.15；95%CI 0.07-0.32）和 AHP（Coef 0.24；95%CI 0.10-0.59）中协调员工 HP 培训的可能性降低。此外，与护士相比，医生（Coeff：0.66；95%CI：0.46-0.94）不太可能同意 HCP 应该树立良好的健康行为模式来提供 HP 服务。
结论
HP 和 DP 培训使 HCP 具备了有效实践所需的必要知识和态度。由于培训不足，不同护理级别的多名 HCP 对 HP 和 DP 的知识有限。我们建议采取一项战略，旨在解决 HCP 的知识和态度差距问题，以确保向患者提供有效的 HP 和 DP 服务。
Zotero 插件