Baltacı Nazlı, Başer Mürüvvet
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Complement Med Res. 2022;29(2):127-135. doi: 10.1159/000520139. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
Women with high-risk pregnancy experience anxiety and low mother-fetal attachment when faced with signs of danger and health problems. This study aimed to investigate the effects of lullaby intervention on anxiety and prenatal attachment in women with high-risk pregnancy.
This randomized controlled trial was conducted in the perinatology clinic of a state maternity hospital in Turkey. Seventy-six women with high-risk pregnancy were included. The intervention group listened to lullabies for 20 min once a day, and accompanied by lullabies touched their abdomen and thought about their babies, but the control group did not. Data were collected using the Pregnant Information Form, the State Anxiety Inventory, and the Prenatal Attachment Inventory.
Baseline anxiety did not differ in the intervention versus control group (47.83 ± 10.74 vs. 44.10 ± 8.08, mean difference 3.73 [95% Cl -1.18 to 8.64], p = 0.13), but after the 2nd day lullaby intervention anxiety was lower in the intervention group versus control group (33.66 ± 9.32 vs. 43.06 ± 8.10, mean difference -9.40 [95% Cl -13.91 to -4.88], p < 0.01). Baseline prenatal attachment did not differ in the intervention versus control group (56.03 ± 10.71 vs. 53.86 ± 9.98, mean difference 2.16 [95% Cl -3.18 to 7.51], p = 0.42), but after the 2nd day lullaby intervention prenatal attachment was higher in the intervention group versus control group (66.70 ± 7.60 vs. 54.36 ± 9.52, mean difference 12.33 [95% Cl 7.87 to 16.78], p < 0.01). In the within-group analysis the intervention group had lower anxiety and better prenatal attachment (p < 0.01), but not in the control group (p > 0.05).
Lullaby intervention can play an effective role in reducing anxiety and improving prenatal attachment. The use of this integrative, noninvasive, non-pharmacologic, time-efficient, and natural intervention is suggested in the care of pregnant women.
高危妊娠女性在面临危险迹象和健康问题时会出现焦虑情绪，且母婴依恋程度较低。本研究旨在探讨摇篮曲干预对高危妊娠女性焦虑情绪和产前依恋的影响。
本随机对照试验在土耳其一家国立妇产医院的围产医学诊所进行。纳入76名高危妊娠女性。干预组每天听20分钟摇篮曲，同时伴着摇篮曲抚摸腹部并想象腹中胎儿，而对照组则不进行此操作。使用《孕妇信息表》《状态焦虑量表》和《产前依恋量表》收集数据。
干预组与对照组的基线焦虑水平无差异（47.83±10.74对44.10±8.08，平均差3.73[95%可信区间-1.18至8.64]，p=0.13），但在进行2天摇篮曲干预后，干预组的焦虑水平低于对照组（33.66±9.32对43.06±约8.10，平均差-9.40[95%可信区间-13.91至-4.88]，p<0.01）。干预组与对照组的基线产前依恋水平无差异（56.03±10.71对53.86±9.98，平均差2.16[95%可信区间-3.18至7.51]，p=0.42），但在进行2天摇篮曲干预后，干预组的产前依恋水平高于对照组（66.70±7.60对54.36±9.52，平均差12.33[95%可信区间7.87至16.78]，p<0.01）。在组内分析中，干预组的焦虑水平较低且产前依恋情况较好（p<0.01），而对照组则无此情况（p>0.05）。
摇篮曲干预在减轻焦虑和改善产前依恋方面可发挥有效作用。建议在孕妇护理中采用这种综合、无创、非药物、省时且自然的干预措施。
