de Miquel María Angeles
Department of Radiology, Interventional Neuroradiology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Front Neurol. 2021 Nov 8;12:680515. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.680515. eCollection 2021.
This paper aims to make simple the evaluation of the main veins related to the brainstem and cerebellum. Posterior fossa venous drainage is best understood in context with its three main collectors: superior: toward the Vein of Galen; posterior: toward the torcular complex; and anterior: toward the superior petrosal sinus. A fourth possible drainage path, often harder to distinguish, is directed toward the inferior petrosal sinus. Veins of these four systems are frequently connected to one another. Despite traditionally being considered less regular than its arterial disposition, posterior fossa venous anatomy follows specific patterns that are easy to identify. The three more representative veins of each venous confluent have been selected, to help in recognizing them angiographically. Since pial large veins are primarily located over the surface of the encephalon, most related anatomical structures can be confidently identified. This is of special interest when angiographic 2D or 3D studies are evaluated and provide fundamental assistance in locating precise structures. To better aid in understanding venous disposition, an overview of embryologic and fetal development is also discussed.
本文旨在简化对与脑干和小脑相关的主要静脉的评估。后颅窝静脉引流最好结合其三个主要收集器来理解：上方：朝向大脑大静脉；后方：朝向窦汇复合体；前方：朝向岩上窦。第四条可能的引流路径，通常较难区分，是朝向岩下窦。这四个系统的静脉经常相互连接。尽管传统上认为后颅窝静脉解剖结构不如其动脉分布规则，但它遵循易于识别的特定模式。每个静脉汇合处选择了三条更具代表性的静脉，以帮助在血管造影时识别它们。由于软膜大静脉主要位于脑表面，大多数相关解剖结构都能得到可靠识别。在评估血管造影二维或三维研究时，这一点尤为重要，并为定位精确结构提供了重要帮助。为了更好地帮助理解静脉分布，还讨论了胚胎学和胎儿发育的概述。
