Qi Han, Liu Rui, Feng Yuan, Luo Jia, Lei Si Man, Cheung Teris, Ungvari Gabor S, Chen Xu, Xiang Yu-Tao
The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
PeerJ. 2021 Nov 11;9:e12223. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12223. eCollection 2021.
The outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak (COVID-19) had a detrimental impact on adolescents' daily life and studying, which could increase the risk of depression. This study examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms (depression hereafter) among Chinese adolescents and its associated factors.
An online survey was conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Adolescents aged 11-20 years who currently lived in China were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected with the "SurveyStar" platform using the Snowball Sampling method. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).
A total of 9,554 adolescents participated in the study. The prevalence of depression was 36.6% (95% CI [35.6%-37.6%]); the prevalence of mild and moderate-severe depression was 9.2% (95% CI [8.9%-9.5%]) and 27.4% (95% CI [26.9%-27.9%]), respectively. Female gender (OR = 1.235, < 0.001), senior secondary school grade (OR = 1.513, < 0.001), sleep duration of <6 h/day (OR = 2.455, < 0.001), and living in Hubei province (total number of infected cases > 10,000) (OR = 1.245, = 0.038) were significantly associated with higher risk of depression. Concern about COVID-19 (OR = 0.632, < 0.001), participating in distance learning (OR = 0.728, = 0.001), sleep duration of >8 h/day (OR = 0.726, < 0.001), exercise of >30 min/day, and study duration of ≥4 h/day (OR = 0.835, < 0.001) were associated with lower risk of depression.
Depression was common among adolescents in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Considering the negative impact of depression on daily life and health outcomes, timely screening and appropriate interventions are urgently needed for depressed adolescents during the COVID-19 outbreak.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情对青少年的日常生活和学习产生了不利影响，这可能增加抑郁症的风险。本研究调查了中国青少年抑郁症状（以下简称抑郁症）的患病率及其相关因素。
在中国COVID-19疫情期间进行了一项在线调查。邀请了目前居住在中国的11至20岁青少年参与研究。使用“问卷星”平台通过雪球抽样方法收集数据。使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）评估抑郁症。
共有9554名青少年参与了研究。抑郁症的患病率为36.6%（95%置信区间[35.6%-37.6%]）；轻度和中度重度抑郁症的患病率分别为9.2%（95%置信区间[8.9%-9.5%]）和27.4%（95%置信区间[26.9%-27.9%]）。女性（比值比=1.235，<0.001）、高中年级（比值比=1.513，<0.001）、每天睡眠时间<6小时（比值比=2.455，<0.001）以及居住在湖北省（感染病例总数>10000）（比值比=1.245，=0.038）与抑郁症风险较高显著相关。对COVID-19的担忧（比值比=0.632，<0.001）、参与远程学习（比值比=0.728，=0.001）、每天睡眠时间>8小时（比值比=0.726，<0.001）、每天锻炼>30分钟以及每天学习时长≥4小时（比值比=0.835，<0.001）与抑郁症风险较低相关。
在COVID-19疫情期间，抑郁症在中国青少年中很常见。考虑到抑郁症对日常生活和健康结果的负面影响，在COVID-19疫情期间，迫切需要对抑郁的青少年进行及时筛查和适当干预。
