Monazzah Maryam, Tahmasebi Enferadi Sattar, Rabiei Zohreh, De Nobili Maria
Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, Italy.
Iran J Biotechnol. 2021 Jul 1;19(3):e2722. doi: 10.30498/ijb.2021.223625.2722. eCollection 2021 Jul.
(Lib.) de Bary cause a deleterious disease on sunflower plants. Oxalic acid is the main pathogenicity factor of . Two dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry have been used in several studies to investigate molecular changes that occur in the plants in response to infection. Comparing responses of resistant and susceptible lines upon pathogen infection provided novel information regarding defense mechanisms against this necrotrophic pathogen.
The present study reports proteome changes of partially resistant and susceptible sunflower lines under pathogen's culture filtrate treatment, resulting in the characterization of up- and down- regulated proteins.
Sunflower partially resistant and susceptible lines with two true leaves were exposed to fungus culture filtrate. The stems of treated and untreated plants were sampled at 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment for two-dimensional electrophoresis. Twenty spots showed more than 1.5-fold change in abundance were subjected to MALDI/TOF-TOF MS for further analysis.
The identified proteins were categorized into several classes including carbohydrate and energy metabolism (25%), cellular metabolic process (15%), stress response (15%), plant cell wall biogenesis (10%), photosynthesis (10%), protein metabolism (10%), unknown function (10%) and redox homeostasis (5%).
Our proteomic investigation demonstrates an increase in the expression of proteins only in partially resistant line, such as proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and plant defense responses (malate dehydrogenase and peroxidase), metabolic process (adenosine kinase), regulating cell redox homeostasis (disulfide isomerase) and lignin biosynthetic process (laccase). Moreover, the expression of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, involved in proline biosynthesis, was significantly changed in both sunflower lines in response to pathogen culture filtrate. Proteins which were only up-regulated in the partially resistant lines might have a significant role in mediating the defense against Sclerotinia and could be considered for enhancing resistance against this devastating pathogen.
（Lib.）德巴利菌会引发向日葵植株的一种有害疾病。草酸是其主要致病因子。二维凝胶电泳和质谱已在多项研究中用于探究植物因感染而发生的分子变化。比较抗病和感病品系在病原体感染后的反应，为抵御这种坏死营养型病原体的防御机制提供了新信息。
本研究报告了部分抗病和感病向日葵品系在病原体培养滤液处理下的蛋白质组变化，从而对上调和下调蛋白进行了表征。
具有两片真叶的向日葵部分抗病和感病品系暴露于真菌培养滤液中。处理和未处理植株的茎在处理后24、48和72小时取样用于二维电泳。丰度变化超过1.5倍的20个斑点进行基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间串联质谱（MALDI/TOF-TOF MS）进一步分析。
鉴定出的蛋白质分为几类，包括碳水化合物和能量代谢（25%）、细胞代谢过程（15%）、应激反应（15%）、植物细胞壁生物合成（10%）、光合作用（10%）、蛋白质代谢（10%）、未知功能（10%）和氧化还原稳态（5%）。
我们的蛋白质组学研究表明，仅在部分抗病品系中蛋白质表达增加，例如参与碳水化合物代谢和植物防御反应的蛋白质（苹果酸脱氢酶和过氧化物酶）、代谢过程（腺苷激酶）、调节细胞氧化还原稳态（二硫键异构酶）和木质素生物合成过程（漆酶）。此外，参与脯氨酸生物合成的吡咯啉-5-羧酸还原酶的表达在两个向日葵品系中对病原体培养滤液均有显著变化。仅在部分抗病品系中上调的蛋白质可能在介导对核盘菌的防御中起重要作用，可考虑用于增强对这种毁灭性病原体的抗性。
