Liu Xiangjian, Hu Yuying, Pan Yuxin, Fang Meirong, Tong Zhen, Sun Yilan, Tan Songwen
Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
Mater Today Bio. 2021 Nov 10;12:100156. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100156. eCollection 2021 Sep.
The cryopreservation of red blood cells (RBCs) is essential for transfusion therapy and maintaining the inventory of RBCs units. The existing cryoprotectants (CPAs) have many defects, and the search for novel CPAs is becoming a research hotspot. Sodium hyaluronate (SH) is polymerized from sodium glucuronate and -acetylglucosamine, which has good water binding capacity and biocompatibility. Herein, we reported for the first time that under the action of medium molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (MSH), the thawed RBCs recovery increased from 33.1 ± 5.8% to 63.2 ± 3.5%. In addition, RBCs functions and properties were maintained normally, and the residual MSH could be removed by direct washing. When MSH was used with a very low concentration (5% v/v) of glycerol (Gly), the thawed RBCs recovery could be increased to 92.3 ± 4.6%. In general, 40% v/v Gly was required to achieve similar efficiency. A mathematical model was used to compare the performance of MSH, PVA and trehalose in cryopreservation, and MSH showed the best efficiency. It was found that MSH could periodically regulate the content of intracellular water through the "reservoir effect" to reduce the damages during freezing and thawing. Moreover, MSH could inhibit ice recrystallization when combined with RBCs. The high viscosity and strong water binding capacity of MSH was also conducive to reducing the content of ice. This works points out a new direction for cryopreservation of RBCs and may promote transfusion therapy in clinic.
红细胞（RBCs）的冷冻保存对于输血治疗和维持红细胞单位库存至关重要。现有的冷冻保护剂（CPAs）存在许多缺陷，寻找新型CPAs正成为一个研究热点。透明质酸钠（SH）由葡萄糖醛酸钠和N-乙酰葡萄糖胺聚合而成，具有良好的水结合能力和生物相容性。在此，我们首次报道在中分子量透明质酸钠（MSH）的作用下，解冻后红细胞的回收率从33.1±5.8%提高到63.2±3.5%。此外，红细胞的功能和特性得以正常维持，残留的MSH可通过直接洗涤去除。当MSH与极低浓度（5% v/v）的甘油（Gly）一起使用时，解冻后红细胞的回收率可提高到92.3±4.6%。一般来说，需要40% v/v的Gly才能达到类似的效果。使用数学模型比较了MSH、聚乙烯醇（PVA）和海藻糖在冷冻保存中的性能，结果显示MSH的效率最佳。研究发现，MSH可通过“蓄水池效应”周期性调节细胞内水的含量，以减少冻融过程中的损伤。此外，MSH与红细胞结合时可抑制冰晶重结晶。MSH的高粘度和强水结合能力也有助于降低冰的含量。这项工作为红细胞的冷冻保存指出了一个新方向，并可能推动临床输血治疗的发展。
