Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA.
Biomolecules. 2021 Oct 29;11(11):1602. doi: 10.3390/biom11111602.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins but regulate gene expression. Recent studies indicate that lncRNAs are involved in the modulation of biological functions in human disease. KCNQ1 Opposite Strand/Antisense Transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) encodes a lncRNA from the opposite strand of KCNQ1 in the CDKN1C/KCNQ1OT1 cluster that is reported to play a vital role in the development and progression of cancer. KCNQ1OT1 regulates cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion, metastasis, glucose metabolism, and immune evasion. The aberrant expression of KCNQ1OT1 in cancer patients is associated with poor prognosis and decreased survival. This review summarizes recent literature related to the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of KCNQ1OT1 in various human cancers, including colorectal, bladder, breast, oral, melanoma, osteosarcoma, lung, glioma, ovarian, liver, acute myeloid leukemia, prostate, and gastric. We also discuss the role of KCNQ1OT1 as a promising diagnostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in human cancers.
长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是长度大于 200 个核苷酸的转录本，不编码蛋白质，但能调节基因表达。最近的研究表明，lncRNA 参与了人类疾病中生物功能的调节。KCNQ1 反义链/反义转录本 1（KCNQ1OT1）是 CDKN1C/KCNQ1OT1 簇中 KCNQ1 反义链上编码的 lncRNA，据报道其在癌症的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用。KCNQ1OT1 调节癌细胞增殖、细胞周期、迁移和侵袭、转移、葡萄糖代谢和免疫逃逸。在癌症患者中，KCNQ1OT1 的异常表达与预后不良和生存率降低有关。本综述总结了最近关于 KCNQ1OT1 在各种人类癌症中的生物学功能和分子机制的文献，包括结直肠癌、膀胱癌、乳腺癌、口腔癌、黑色素瘤、骨肉瘤、肺癌、脑胶质瘤、卵巢癌、肝癌、急性髓系白血病、前列腺癌和胃癌。我们还讨论了 KCNQ1OT1 作为一种有前途的诊断生物标志物和人类癌症新的治疗靶点的作用。
