Food Analysis Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea.
Biomolecules. 2021 Nov 8;11(11):1654. doi: 10.3390/biom11111654.
(shiitake) is a popular nutritious edible mushroom with a desirable aroma and flavor. Traditional cultivation of on beds of logs has been replaced by cultivation on sawdust, but the effects of cultivation changes on mushrooms have not been well characterized. We determined the metabolic profile, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity in grown on log or sawdust substrates. Metabolic profiles of extracts were determined by H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis score plots from H NMR analysis showed clear differences between samples. Concentrations of primary metabolites, especially amino acids, generally decreased in grown on logs compared to sawdust. Phenolic compounds showed variations in concentration depending on the cultivation method. Bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity were analyzed spectrophotometrically. cultivated on logs had high concentrations of bioactive compounds with strong antioxidant capacity compared to cultivated on sawdust. Thus, the concentration of primary metabolites was high in grown on sawdust, which produces a high growth rate. In contrast, log-cultivated , which were similar to wild mushrooms, had high levels of bioactive compounds and high antioxidant capacity. This information is useful for determining optimal cultivation conditions for nutritional and medicinal uses of mushrooms.
（香菇）是一种具有浓郁香气和风味的受欢迎的营养食用蘑菇。传统的原木床栽培已被木屑栽培所取代，但栽培变化对香菇的影响尚未得到很好的描述。我们确定了在原木或木屑基质上生长的香菇的代谢谱、生物活性化合物和抗氧化能力。通过 H 核磁共振（NMR）和超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用技术测定了香菇提取物的代谢谱。来自 H NMR 分析的主成分分析得分图显示了样品之间的明显差异。与木屑相比，在原木上生长的香菇中，初级代谢物（尤其是氨基酸）的浓度普遍降低。酚类化合物的浓度根据培养方法而变化。通过分光光度法分析生物活性化合物及其抗氧化能力。与在木屑上生长的香菇相比，在原木上生长的香菇具有较高浓度的生物活性化合物和较强的抗氧化能力。因此，在木屑上生长的香菇中初级代谢物的浓度较高，这会产生较高的生长速度。相比之下，类似于野生蘑菇的原木栽培香菇具有较高水平的生物活性化合物和较高的抗氧化能力。这些信息对于确定香菇的营养和药用用途的最佳栽培条件是有用的。
