Morales Diego, Piris Adriana J, Ruiz-Rodriguez Alejandro, Prodanov Marin, Soler-Rivas Cristina
Dept. of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research - CIAL (UAM+CSIC), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain.
Biotechnol Prog. 2018 May;34(3):746-755. doi: 10.1002/btpr.2616. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Three extraction methods were sequentially combined to obtain fractions from Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushrooms) containing bioactive compounds against cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Fruiting bodies were first extracted with plain water, obtained residue was then submitted to supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and remaining residue submitted to hot water extraction. Sequential design allowed reutilization of the nonextracted material as raw material for the successive extractions increasing extraction yields and separating interesting compounds. Obtained fractions contained different amounts of ß-glucans, chitins, eritadenine, lenthionine, ergosterol, proteins/peptides and phenolic compounds conferring them different bioactivities. Water soluble fractions showed high antioxidant activities (ABTS and DPPH scavenging capacity and reducing power), they were also able to inhibit one of the main enzymes involved in hypertension (angiotensin-I converting enzyme) and the key enzyme of cholesterol metabolism (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase). The latter inhibitory activity was also noticed in SFE extracts although ergosterol and other lipid-like molecules were isolated. Dietary fibers were separated in the third extraction. Therefore, with this sequential extraction procedure bioactive compounds against CVDs can be selectively separated from a single batch of shiitake powder. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:746-755, 2018.
依次结合三种提取方法，从香菇中获得含有抗心血管疾病（CVD）生物活性化合物的馏分。首先用纯水提取子实体，将得到的残渣进行超临界流体萃取（SFE），剩余残渣进行热水提取。顺序设计允许将未提取的材料作为连续提取的原料重复利用，从而提高提取产率并分离出有价值的化合物。获得的馏分含有不同量的β-葡聚糖、几丁质、香菇嘌呤、香菇精、麦角固醇、蛋白质/肽和酚类化合物，赋予它们不同的生物活性。水溶性馏分表现出高抗氧化活性（ABTS和DPPH清除能力以及还原能力），它们还能够抑制高血压相关的一种主要酶（血管紧张素-I转换酶）和胆固醇代谢的关键酶（3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶）。尽管分离出了麦角固醇和其他类脂分子，但在SFE提取物中也观察到了后者的抑制活性。膳食纤维在第三次提取中被分离出来。因此，通过这种顺序提取方法，可以从一批香菇粉中选择性地分离出抗CVD的生物活性化合物。©2018美国化学工程师学会生物技术进展，34:746 - 755，2018。
