Zuk Magdalena, Szperlik Jakub, Szopa Jan
Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland.
Linum Fundation, pl. Grunwaldzki 24A, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland.
Foods. 2021 Nov 3;10(11):2675. doi: 10.3390/foods10112675.
The aim of the work was to compare the new variety of oil flax (Silesia) with already cultivated varieties in terms of plant productivity, oil content, fatty acid composition and significant secondary metabolites. The analyzed linseed varieties are characterized by low (Linola), medium (Silesia) and high (Szafir) content of omega-3 fatty acids. Special attention was paid to the quality of the oil and the characteristics that determine its stability (reduction of susceptibility to oxidation). A number of antioxidant compounds of secondary metabolism (simple phenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins) were identified in the linseed oils. All of these compounds can affect lipid oxidation by a mechanism that attenuates initiating radicals such as hydroxyl or forms an oxidizing primary product such as peroxides. Chelation of metal ions may also be involved in lipid oxidation. We propose a mechanism that encompasses all these processes and facilitates understanding of the complex relationships between them. The general thesis is that the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with a better metabolic state of flaxseed, and thus with a higher nutritional value. In addition, we find a number of specialized secondary metabolites characteristic of the flax studied, which could be useful for chemotaxonomy.
这项工作的目的是在植物生产力、含油量、脂肪酸组成和重要次生代谢产物方面，将油用亚麻新品种（西里西亚）与已种植的品种进行比较。所分析的亚麻籽品种的特点是ω-3脂肪酸含量低（利诺拉）、中等（西里西亚）和高（萨菲尔）。特别关注了油的质量以及决定其稳定性（降低氧化敏感性）的特性。在亚麻籽油中鉴定出了多种次生代谢的抗氧化化合物（简单酚类、酚酸、黄酮类、单宁）。所有这些化合物都可以通过减弱诸如羟基等引发自由基或形成诸如过氧化物等氧化初级产物的机制来影响脂质氧化。金属离子的螯合也可能参与脂质氧化。我们提出了一种涵盖所有这些过程并有助于理解它们之间复杂关系的机制。总的论点是，多不饱和脂肪酸的比例与亚麻籽更好的代谢状态相关，从而与更高的营养价值相关。此外，我们发现了许多所研究亚麻的特殊次生代谢产物，它们可能对化学分类学有用。
