Leisegang Kristian, Roychoudhury Shubhadeep, Slama Petr, Finelli Renata
School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa.
Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Nov 18;10(11):1834. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111834.
Androgens have diverse functions in muscle physiology, lean body mass, the regulation of adipose tissue, bone density, neurocognitive regulation, and spermatogenesis, the male reproductive and sexual function. Male hypogonadism, characterized by reduced testosterone, is commonly seen in ageing males, and has a complex relationship as a risk factor and a comorbidity in age-related noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs), such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and malignancy. Oxidative stress, as a significant contributor to the ageing process, is a common feature between ageing and NCDs, and the related comorbidities, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and chronic inflammation. Oxidative stress may also be a mediator of hypogonadism in males. Consequently, the management of oxidative stress may represent a novel therapeutic approach in this context. Therefore, this narrative review aims to discuss the mechanisms of age-related oxidative stress in male hypogonadism associated with NCDs and discusses current and potential approaches for the clinical management of these patients, which may include conventional hormone replacement therapy, nutrition and lifestyle changes, adherence to the optimal body mass index, and dietary antioxidant supplementation and/or phytomedicines.
雄激素在肌肉生理学、瘦体重、脂肪组织调节、骨密度、神经认知调节以及精子发生、男性生殖和性功能等方面具有多种功能。以睾酮水平降低为特征的男性性腺功能减退在老年男性中较为常见，并且作为肥胖、代谢综合征、2型糖尿病和恶性肿瘤等与年龄相关的非传染性慢性病（NCDs）的风险因素和合并症，存在复杂的关系。氧化应激作为衰老过程的一个重要促成因素，是衰老与非传染性慢性病以及包括高血压、血脂异常、高血糖、高胰岛素血症和慢性炎症在内的相关合并症的共同特征。氧化应激也可能是男性性腺功能减退的一个介导因素。因此，在这种情况下，氧化应激的管理可能代表一种新的治疗方法。因此，本叙述性综述旨在讨论与非传染性慢性病相关的男性性腺功能减退中与年龄相关的氧化应激机制，并讨论这些患者临床管理的当前和潜在方法，这可能包括传统的激素替代疗法、营养和生活方式改变、维持最佳体重指数以及膳食抗氧化剂补充和/或植物药。
