Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia's Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada.
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, British Columbia's Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 19;22(22):12506. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212506.
There is mounting evidence that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). For the past decade, high throughput sequencing-based gut microbiome research has identified characteristic shifts in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with IBD, suggesting that IBD results from alterations in the interactions between intestinal microbes and the host's mucosal immune system. These studies have been the impetus for the development of new therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiome, such as nutritional therapies, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplant and beneficial metabolic derivatives. Innovative technologies can further our understanding of the role the microbiome plays as well as help to evaluate how the different approaches in microbiome modulation impact clinical responses in adult and pediatric patients. In this review, we highlight important microbiome studies in patients with IBD and their response to different microbiome modulation therapies, and describe the differences in therapeutic response between pediatric and adult patient cohorts.
越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群在炎症性肠病（IBD）的发病机制中起着重要作用。在过去的十年中，基于高通量测序的肠道微生物组研究已经确定了 IBD 患者肠道微生物群落组成的特征性变化，表明 IBD 是由于肠道微生物与宿主黏膜免疫系统之间相互作用的改变所致。这些研究为开发针对肠道微生物组的新治疗方法提供了动力，例如营养疗法、益生菌、粪便微生物移植和有益的代谢衍生物。创新技术可以进一步了解微生物组的作用，并有助于评估不同的微生物组调节方法如何影响成人和儿科患者的临床反应。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了 IBD 患者的重要微生物组研究及其对不同微生物组调节治疗的反应，并描述了儿科和成年患者队列之间治疗反应的差异。
