Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry, Pathology and Clinical Diagnostics, Department of Fundamental Medicine, Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 22;22(22):12571. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212571.
Cervical cancer is one of the most common types of carcinomas causing morbidity and mortality in women in all countries of the world. At the moment, the oncology, oncobiology, and oncomorphology of cervical cancer are characterized by the accumulation of new information; various molecular biological, genetic, and immunohistochemical methods of investigation of the mechanisms of cervical carcinogenesis are tested and applied; targeted antitumour drugs and diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers are being searched for. Many issues of the etiopathogenesis of cervical cancer have not been sufficiently studied, and the role of many biomarkers characterizing various stages of cervical carcinogenesis remains unclear. Therefore, the target of this review is to systematize and understand several problems in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and to evaluate the significance and role of biomarkers in cervical carcinogenesis.
宫颈癌是导致全世界各国女性发病率和死亡率的最常见的癌种之一。目前,宫颈癌的肿瘤学、肿瘤生物学和肿瘤形态学的特点是积累新的信息;测试和应用各种分子生物学、遗传和免疫组织化学方法来研究宫颈癌发生的机制;正在寻找靶向抗肿瘤药物和诊断、预后和预测生物标志物。宫颈癌的病因学有许多问题尚未得到充分研究,许多标志特征不同宫颈癌发生阶段的生物标志物的作用仍不清楚。因此,本综述的目的是系统地了解宫颈癌发病机制中的几个问题,并评估生物标志物在宫颈癌发生中的意义和作用。