Khan Maliha, Samaniego Felipe, Hagemeister Fredrick B, Iyer Swaminathan P
Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Nov 10;13(22):5627. doi: 10.3390/cancers13225627.
T-cell lymphomas are a relatively rare group of malignancies with a diverse range of pathologic features and clinical behaviors. Recent molecular studies have revealed a wide array of different mechanisms that drive the development of these malignancies and may be associated with resistance to therapies. Although widely accepted chemotherapeutic agents and combinations, including stem cell transplantation, obtain responses as initial therapy for these diseases, most patients will develop a relapse, and the median survival is only 5 years. Most patients with relapsed disease succumb within 2 to 3 years. Since 2006, the USFDA has approved five medications for treatment of these diseases, and only anti-CD30-therapy has made a change in these statistics. Clearly, newer agents are needed for treatment of these disorders, and investigators have proposed studies that evaluate agents that target these malignancies and the microenvironment depending upon the molecular mechanisms thought to underlie their pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the currently known molecular mechanisms driving the development and persistence of these cancers and discuss novel targets for therapy of these diseases and agents that may improve outcomes for these patients.
T细胞淋巴瘤是一组相对罕见的恶性肿瘤，具有多种多样的病理特征和临床行为。最近的分子研究揭示了一系列不同的机制，这些机制驱动着这些恶性肿瘤的发展，并且可能与对治疗的耐药性有关。尽管包括干细胞移植在内的广泛接受的化疗药物和联合方案可作为这些疾病的初始治疗获得缓解，但大多数患者会复发，中位生存期仅为5年。大多数复发疾病患者会在2至3年内死亡。自2006年以来，美国食品药品监督管理局（USFDA）已批准了五种药物用于治疗这些疾病，只有抗CD30疗法改变了这些统计数据。显然，需要更新的药物来治疗这些疾病，研究人员已经提出了一些研究，根据被认为是其发病机制基础的分子机制，评估针对这些恶性肿瘤和微环境的药物。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了目前已知的驱动这些癌症发生和持续存在的分子机制，并讨论了这些疾病的新治疗靶点以及可能改善这些患者预后的药物。
