Saviana Michela, Romano Giulia, Le Patricia, Acunzo Mario, Nana-Sinkam Patrick
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Nov 11;13(22):5633. doi: 10.3390/cancers13225633.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogenous membrane-encapsulated vesicles secreted by every cell into the extracellular environment. EVs carry bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, DNA, and different RNA forms, which can be internalized by recipient cells, thus altering their biological characteristics. Given that EVs are commonly found in most body fluids, they have been widely described as mediators of communication in several physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. Moreover, their easy detection in biofluids makes them potentially useful candidates as tumor biomarkers. In this manuscript, we review the current knowledge regarding EVs and non-coding RNAs and their role as drivers of the metastatic process in lung cancer. Furthermore, we present the most recent applications for EVs and non-coding RNAs as cancer therapeutics and their relevance as clinical biomarkers.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由每个细胞分泌到细胞外环境中的异质性膜包裹囊泡。EVs携带生物活性分子，包括蛋白质、脂质、DNA和不同形式的RNA，这些分子可被受体细胞内化，从而改变其生物学特性。鉴于EVs普遍存在于大多数体液中，它们已被广泛描述为多种生理和病理过程（包括癌症）中的通讯介质。此外，它们在生物流体中易于检测，使其有可能成为潜在有用的肿瘤生物标志物。在本手稿中，我们综述了关于EVs和非编码RNA的当前知识及其作为肺癌转移过程驱动因素的作用。此外，我们介绍了EVs和非编码RNA作为癌症治疗方法的最新应用及其作为临床生物标志物的相关性。
