Le Patricia, Romano Giulia, Nana-Sinkam Patrick, Acunzo Mario
Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 18;13(6):1372. doi: 10.3390/cancers13061372.
Over the last several decades, clinical evaluation and treatment of lung cancers have largely improved with the classification of genetic drivers of the disease, such as EGFR, ALK, and ROS1. There are numerous regulatory factors that exert cellular control over key oncogenic pathways involved in lung cancers. In particular, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have a diversity of regulatory roles in lung cancers such that they have been shown to be involved in inducing proliferation, suppressing apoptotic pathways, increasing metastatic potential of cancer cells, and acquiring drug resistance. The dysregulation of various ncRNAs in human cancers has prompted preclinical studies examining the therapeutic potential of restoring and/or inhibiting these ncRNAs. Furthermore, ncRNAs demonstrate tissue-specific expression in addition to high stability within biological fluids. This makes them excellent candidates as cancer biomarkers. This review aims to discuss the relevance of ncRNAs in cancer pathology, diagnosis, and therapy, with a focus on lung cancer.
在过去几十年中，随着肺癌基因驱动因素（如表皮生长因子受体、间变性淋巴瘤激酶和原癌基因酪氨酸蛋白激酶1）的分类，肺癌的临床评估和治疗有了很大改善。有许多调节因子对肺癌相关的关键致癌途径发挥细胞控制作用。特别是，非编码RNA在肺癌中具有多种调节作用，已显示它们参与诱导增殖、抑制凋亡途径、增加癌细胞的转移潜能以及获得耐药性。人类癌症中各种非编码RNA的失调促使临床前研究探讨恢复和/或抑制这些非编码RNA的治疗潜力。此外，非编码RNA除了在生物体液中具有高稳定性外，还表现出组织特异性表达。这使它们成为癌症生物标志物的优秀候选者。本综述旨在讨论非编码RNA在癌症病理学、诊断和治疗中的相关性，重点是肺癌。
