Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Cells. 2021 Nov 12;10(11):3134. doi: 10.3390/cells10113134.
Chlorophylls (Chls, Chl and Chl ) are tetrapyrrole molecules essential for photosynthetic light harvesting and energy transduction in plants. Once formed, Chls are noncovalently bound to photosynthetic proteins on the thylakoid membrane. In contrast, they are dismantled from photosystems in response to environmental changes or developmental processes; thus, they undergo interconversion, turnover, and degradation. In the last twenty years, fruitful research progress has been achieved on these Chl metabolic processes. The discovery of new metabolic pathways has been accompanied by the identification of enzymes associated with biochemical steps. This article reviews recent progress in the analysis of the Chl cycle, turnover and degradation pathways and the involved enzymes. In addition, open questions regarding these pathways that require further investigation are also suggested.
叶绿素（Chls、Chl 和 Chl）是植物光合作用中光捕获和能量转导所必需的四吡咯分子。一旦形成，叶绿素就会与类囊体膜上的光合蛋白非共价结合。相比之下，它们会在响应环境变化或发育过程中从光合系统中解体；因此，它们会经历相互转化、周转和降解。在过去的二十年中，这些叶绿素代谢过程的研究取得了丰硕的成果。新代谢途径的发现伴随着与生化步骤相关的酶的鉴定。本文综述了叶绿素循环、周转和降解途径及其相关酶的最新分析进展。此外，还提出了这些途径中需要进一步研究的一些问题。
