Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Chair of Microbiology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Cells. 2021 Nov 17;10(11):3201. doi: 10.3390/cells10113201.
Sphingolipids represent a class of structural related lipids involved in membrane biology and various cellular processes including cell growth, apoptosis, inflammation and migration. Over the past decade, sphingolipids have become the focus of intensive studies regarding their involvement in infectious diseases. Pathogens can manipulate the sphingolipid metabolism resulting in cell membrane reorganization and receptor recruitment to facilitate their entry. They may recruit specific host sphingolipid metabolites to establish a favorable niche for intracellular survival and proliferation. In contrast, some sphingolipid metabolites can also act as a first line defense against bacteria based on their antimicrobial activity. In this review, we will focus on the strategies employed by pathogenic spp. to modulate the sphingolipid metabolism and hijack the sphingolipid balance in the host to promote cellular colonization, invasion and intracellular survival. Novel techniques and innovative approaches will be highlighted that allow imaging of sphingolipid derivatives in the host cell as well as in the pathogen.
鞘脂类是一类结构相关的脂质，参与膜生物学和各种细胞过程，包括细胞生长、细胞凋亡、炎症和迁移。在过去的十年中，鞘脂类已成为传染病相关研究的焦点。病原体可以操纵鞘脂代谢，导致细胞膜重组和受体募集，以促进其进入。它们可以招募特定的宿主鞘脂代谢物，为细胞内生存和增殖建立有利的小生境。相反，一些鞘脂代谢物也可以基于其抗菌活性作为抵御细菌的第一道防线。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍致病性 spp. 用来调节鞘脂代谢和劫持宿主鞘脂平衡以促进细胞定植、入侵和细胞内生存的策略。我们将重点介绍一些新技术和创新方法，这些方法可以对宿主细胞和病原体中的鞘脂衍生物进行成像。
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