Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology-Pediatric Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy.
Istituto di Medicina dello Sport-FMSI, 70132 Bari, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 11;18(22):11841. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211841.
Historically, people with hemophilia have been warned to avoid physical activities as a possible cause of bleeding; however, currently, sport is considered necessary, especially in the developmental age, for providing a good quality of life. A survey was proposed to a group of hematologists and sports physicians working in Puglia, Italy, to explore their approach to physical activities for their patients with hemophilia and to obtain suggestions about possible interventions to promote the access of patients to sports. The survey was answered by 6 hematologists and 15 sports physicians. In total, 71% (about six patients/year/physician) of patients with hemophilia seen by sports physicians asked for counseling about sports, and 67% (about five patients/year/physician) actually practiced sports. On the other hand, only 31% (about 16 patients/year/hematologist) of patients asked hematologists questions on sports, and only 16% (about seven patients/year/hematologist) of patients with hemophilia and that were followed-up by hematologists practiced sports. The sports most often recommended to patients with hemophilia by physicians included swimming, athletics, tennis, running and gymnastics. According to hematologists, physical activity was very efficient in improving the quality of life of patients; stability of joints; their psychological, social and musculoskeletal wellbeing; and in reducing the risk of bleedings. On the other hand, physical activity was considered less important in all these areas by sport physicians. In conclusion, answers to this survey suggested that sports could be promoted among hemophilic patients by increasing the sports physicians' knowledge about hemophilia and their special role in this area. In addition, interviewed clinicians were of the opinion that increased awareness of specific guidelines and clinical practice protocols among both hematologists and sports physicians could be beneficial. Finally, answers suggested that access to fitness certification should be facilitated.
从历史上看，人们一直警告血友病患者避免进行体育活动，以免导致出血；然而，目前运动被认为是必要的，尤其是在发育年龄，因为它可以提供良好的生活质量。我们向在意大利普利亚工作的一组血液学家和运动医生提出了一项调查，以探讨他们对血友病患者体育活动的方法，并获得有关促进患者参与运动的可能干预措施的建议。这项调查得到了 6 名血液学家和 15 名运动医生的回答。总的来说，运动医生看到的 71%（约每年每医生 6 名患者）的血友病患者会咨询运动方面的建议，而 67%（约每年每医生 5 名患者）的患者实际上参加运动。另一方面，只有 31%（约每年每血液学家 16 名患者）的患者向血液学家询问有关运动的问题，而只有 16%（约每年每血液学家 7 名患者）接受血液学家随访的血友病患者参加运动。医生向血友病患者推荐的运动项目主要包括游泳、田径、网球、跑步和体操。根据血液学家的说法，体育活动在改善患者的生活质量、关节稳定性、心理、社会和肌肉骨骼健康以及减少出血风险方面非常有效。另一方面，运动医生认为体育活动在所有这些方面都不重要。总之，这项调查的答案表明，可以通过增加运动医生对血友病的了解及其在这一领域的特殊作用来促进血友病患者的运动。此外，接受采访的临床医生认为，提高血液学家和运动医生对特定指南和临床实践方案的认识可能会有所帮助。最后，答案表明应该促进健身认证的获得。
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