The Global Health Office, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 15;18(22):11973. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211973.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that around 3 billion people today are exposed to smoke from the household combustion of solid fuels. While the household use of solid fuels has decreased over the last few decades, it remains a leading modifiable risk factor for the global burden of disease. This systematic review analyzed the impact of Household Air Pollution (HAP) on lung function in children (under 18 years of age), as this is the time period of accelerated growth rate until full skeletal maturity. Data from 11 published studies demonstrated that exposure to smoke from solid fuel was associated with a lower growth rate of several lung function indices (FVC, FEV, FEF) in children. However, there was no observed association between HAP and the FEV/FVC ratio over time. Although the evidence suggests an inverse association between high exposure to HAP and lung function indices, there is a lack of longitudinal data describing this association. Therefore, precaution is needed to reduce the smoke exposure from solid fuel burning.
世界卫生组织（WHO）估计，如今约有 30 亿人受到家庭燃烧固体燃料产生的烟雾的影响。尽管在过去几十年中，家庭使用固体燃料的情况有所减少，但它仍然是全球疾病负担的一个主要可改变的风险因素。本系统评价分析了室内空气污染（HAP）对儿童（18 岁以下）肺部功能的影响，因为这是生长速度加速直到完全骨骼成熟的时期。来自 11 项已发表研究的数据表明，暴露于固体燃料烟雾与儿童的几个肺功能指标（FVC、FEV、FEF）的较低增长率有关。然而，在研究期间并未观察到 HAP 与 FEV/FVC 比值之间存在关联。尽管有证据表明高暴露于 HAP 与肺功能指标之间存在负相关，但缺乏描述这种关联的纵向数据。因此，需要谨慎减少固体燃料燃烧产生的烟雾暴露。
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