Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas A&M Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1010 W Ave B, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas A&M Rangel College of Pharmacy, 59 Reynolds Medical Building, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Oct 28;57(11):1173. doi: 10.3390/medicina57111173.
Nearly a billion adults around the world are affected by a disease that is characterized by upper airway collapse while sleeping called obstructive sleep apnea or OSA. The progression and lasting effects of untreated OSA include an increased risk of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, stroke, and heart failure. There is often a decrease in quality-of-life scores and an increased rate of mortality in these patients. The most common and effective treatments for OSA include continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), surgical treatment, behavior modification, changes in lifestyle, and mandibular advancement devices. There are currently no pharmacological options approved for the standard treatment of OSA. There are, however, some pharmacological treatments for daytime sleepiness caused by OSA. Identifying and treating obstructive sleep apnea early is important to reduce the risks of future complications.
全球有近 10 亿成年人受到一种疾病的影响，这种疾病的特征是睡眠时上呼吸道塌陷，称为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停或 OSA。未经治疗的 OSA 的进展和持久影响包括糖尿病、高血压、中风和心力衰竭的风险增加。这些患者的生活质量评分往往下降，死亡率增加。OSA 的最常见和最有效的治疗方法包括持续气道正压通气 (CPAP)、手术治疗、行为改变、生活方式改变和下颌前伸装置。目前，没有批准的药物治疗方案用于 OSA 的标准治疗。然而，对于 OSA 引起的白天嗜睡，有一些药物治疗方法。早期发现和治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停对于降低未来并发症的风险很重要。
