Nara-Sauceda Jorge, Moreno-Pacheco Mario, Patiño-García Jesica
Área de Investigación Clínica Cardiológica, Cardio Integral Unidad Médica, Centro Hospitalario MAC, Celaya, Gto., México.
Departamento de Investigación, DM Laboratorio Análisis Clínicos, Celaya, Gto., México.
Arch Cardiol Mex. 2024 Feb 2;94(2):141-150. doi: 10.24875/ACM.23000078.
To determine the clinical-epidemiological characteristics, diagnostic feasibility of home respiratory polygraphy and treatment of patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) at cardiovascular risk.
An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in patients seen in a cardiology outpatient service with suspected OSA, from January 2015 to December 2019. The information was obtained from medical records, and a descriptive statistical analysis was applied to this information.
138 files were reviewed; only 8% of the home respiratory polygraphs were discarded, because they did not meet the required quality standards. It was demonstrated that 89% suffered from OSA, 60% moderate to severe; in men after 50 years of age. The main cardiovascular risk factors was hypertension (89%). The most prevalent heart disease was hypertension (52%). Cardiovascular pharmacological treatment was improved in 82% of the cases. Cardiac rehabilitation in 30%, noninvasive mechanical ventilation 41%, fixed modality 33%, and self-adjustable 9%, all with telemetry.
The prevalence and severity of OSA is higher in the presence of risk or established cardiovascular disease. In the presence of clinical suspicion, it is feasible to confirm the diagnosis with home respiratory poligrafy due to the level of precision and the lower infrastructure required. Greater involvement of the cardiologist in the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder is necessary due to the significant risk of cardiovascular disease it represents.
确定有心血管疾病风险的疑似阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者的临床流行病学特征、家庭呼吸多导睡眠图诊断可行性及治疗情况。
对2015年1月至2019年12月在心脏病门诊就诊的疑似OSA患者进行了一项观察性、横断面、描述性研究。信息从病历中获取，并对这些信息进行描述性统计分析。
共审查了138份档案；只有8%的家庭呼吸多导睡眠图因不符合要求的质量标准而被丢弃。结果显示，89%的患者患有OSA，其中60%为中度至重度；多见于50岁以上男性。主要心血管危险因素为高血压（89%）。最常见的心脏病是高血压（52%）。82%的病例心血管药物治疗得到改善。30%的患者接受心脏康复治疗，41%接受无创机械通气，33%采用固定模式，9%采用自动调节模式，均采用遥测技术。
在存在心血管疾病风险或已确诊心血管疾病的情况下，OSA的患病率和严重程度更高。在临床怀疑的情况下，由于家庭呼吸多导睡眠图的精度水平和所需基础设施较低，因此使用其进行诊断是可行的。鉴于该疾病所代表的心血管疾病重大风险，心脏病专家必须更多地参与该疾病的诊断和治疗。
