FEUP-Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4200-365 Porto, Portugal.
INESC TEC/FEUP-Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4200-365 Porto, Portugal.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Nov 16;21(22):7601. doi: 10.3390/s21227601.
eSports is a rapidly growing industry with increasing investment and large-scale international tournaments offering significant prizes. This has led to an increased focus on individual and team performance with factors such as communication, concentration, and team intelligence identified as important to success. Over a similar period of time, personal physiological monitoring technologies have become commonplace with clinical grade assessment available across a range of parameters that have evidenced utility. The use of physiological data to assess concentration is an area of growing interest in eSports. However, body-worn devices, typically used for physiological data collection, may constitute a distraction and/or discomfort for the subjects. To this end, in this work we devise a novel "invisible" sensing approach, exploring new materials, and proposing a proof-of-concept data collection system in the form of a keyboard armrest and mouse. These enable measurements as an extension of the interaction with the computer. In order to evaluate the proposed approach, measurements were performed using our system and a gold standard device, involving 7 healthy subjects. A particularly advantageous characteristic of our setup is the use of conductive nappa leather, as it preserves the standard look and feel of the keyboard and mouse. According to the results obtained, this approach shows 3-15% signal loss, with a mean difference in heart rate between the reference and experimental device of -1.778 ± 4.654 beats per minute (BPM); in terms of ECG waveform morphology, the best cases show a Pearson correlation coefficient above 0.99.
电子竞技是一个快速发展的行业，投资不断增加，大型国际锦标赛提供巨额奖金。这导致人们越来越关注个人和团队的表现，沟通、专注和团队智力等因素被认为是成功的重要因素。在同一时期，个人生理监测技术变得越来越普遍，临床级评估可用于一系列参数，这些参数已经证明具有实用性。利用生理数据评估专注度是电子竞技领域日益关注的一个领域。然而，用于生理数据收集的可穿戴设备可能会分散运动员的注意力并/或给他们带来不适。为此，在这项工作中，我们设计了一种新颖的“隐形”传感方法，探索新材料，并提出了一种键盘扶手和鼠标形式的概念验证数据采集系统。这些系统可以作为与计算机交互的扩展进行测量。为了评估所提出的方法，我们使用我们的系统和黄金标准设备对 7 名健康受试者进行了测量。我们的设置的一个特别有利的特点是使用导电纳帕皮革，因为它保留了键盘和鼠标的标准外观和感觉。根据获得的结果，该方法的信号损失为 3-15%，参考设备和实验设备之间的心率平均差异为-1.778 ± 4.654 次/分钟（BPM）；在心电图波形形态方面，最好的情况显示皮尔逊相关系数高于 0.99。
