Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
Red Sea Company for Drinking and Waste Water, Hurghada 84511, Egypt.
Molecules. 2021 Nov 10;26(22):6777. doi: 10.3390/molecules26226777.
The strategic idea in this work was to increase pH values by employing natural alkali sources (i.e., HCO and CO) from four tested agro-ashes as an alternative to chemicals (i.e., lime or soda ash). The considerable proportion of carbonates and bicarbonates in the investigated ash products had remarkable features, making them viable resources. All ash materials showed a significant ability for Ca ion elimination at high initial Ca ion concentrations. A slight quantity of ash (10 g/L) was sufficient for usage on very hard water contents up to 3000 ppm. Finally, the tested agro-ash was free of cost. Furthermore, unlike other conventional precipitants, such as NaOH, Ca(OH), NaHCO, NaCO, and CaO, they are cost effective and ecologically sustainable. There is no need to employ any additional chemicals or modify the agro-ash materials throughout the treatment process. The benefits of the manufactured ash were assessed using a SWOT analysis.
本工作的策略思想是利用四种测试过的农业灰中的天然碱源（即 HCO 和 CO）来提高 pH 值，以替代化学品（即石灰或苏打灰）。研究中灰产物中相当大比例的碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐具有显著的特点，使它们成为可行的资源。所有的灰材料在高初始 Ca 离子浓度下都显示出显著的 Ca 离子去除能力。只需少量的灰（10 g/L）就足以用于处理高达 3000 ppm 的极硬水。最后，所测试的农业灰是免费的。此外，与其他传统的沉淀剂如 NaOH、Ca(OH)、NaHCO、NaCO 和 CaO 不同，它们具有成本效益和生态可持续性。在整个处理过程中不需要使用任何额外的化学品或修改农业灰材料。通过 SWOT 分析评估了所制灰的效益。
