Kamli Majid Rasool, Malik Maqsood Ahmad, Srivastava Vartika, Sabir Jamal S M, Mattar Ehab H, Ahmad Aijaz
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Oct 20;13(11):1743. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111743.
This study presents an inexpensive, eco-friendly, and simple green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using extract. These nanoparticles are non-hazardous, environmentally friendly, and cheaper than other methods of biosynthesis. Ongoing research determines the role of phytochemicals in the fabrication and biosynthesis of ZnO NPs and their role in antibacterial activity and biomedical applications. Characterizations by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) determine the successful biosynthesis of ZnO NPs. Meanwhile, TEM and X-ray diffraction studies approximated the spherical morphology and crystalline nature of biosynthesized ZnO NPs of nano size in the range of 20-30 nm. The global increase in drug resistance necessitates the search for new drugs with different mechanisms of action. Quorum sensing (QS), a cell-to-cell communication, has gained attention as an emerging drug target. It controls numerous biochemical processes in bacteria, which are essential for their survival and pathogenicity. The potential of nanomedicines has also been tested to synthesize new antibiotics to tackle drug resistance. ZnO NPs were explored for their antibacterial, antiquorum sensing, and antibiofilm activities with a bioreporter strain of . Susceptibility testing results indicated the potential antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 µg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 16 µg/mL. Antiquorum-sensing assays revealed that these nanoparticles inhibit quorum sensing with minimum antiquorum sensing activity (MQSIC) of 1 µg/mL, without causing any bacterial growth inhibition. In addition, ZnO NPs inhibit biofilm formation at inhibitory and higher concentrations. RT-qPCR results supported the downregulation of the quorum sensing genes when was treated with ZnO NPs. The outcomes of this study are promising with regard to the biofilm and quorum sensing, emphasizing the potential applications of ZnO NPs against bacterial communication and biofilm formation.
本研究展示了一种使用提取物对氧化锌纳米颗粒进行低成本、环保且简单的绿色合成方法。这些纳米颗粒无危害、环境友好，且比其他生物合成方法更便宜。正在进行的研究确定了植物化学物质在氧化锌纳米颗粒制造和生物合成中的作用及其在抗菌活性和生物医学应用中的作用。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、漫反射紫外可见光谱、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）进行的表征确定了氧化锌纳米颗粒的生物合成成功。同时，TEM和X射线衍射研究估算出生物合成的纳米尺寸氧化锌纳米颗粒的球形形态和晶体性质，其粒径范围在20 - 30纳米。全球耐药性的增加使得有必要寻找具有不同作用机制的新药。群体感应（QS）作为一种细胞间通讯方式，已成为一个新兴的药物靶点而受到关注。它控制着细菌中的众多生化过程，这些过程对细菌的生存和致病性至关重要。纳米药物的潜力也已被测试用于合成新的抗生素以应对耐药性。利用一种生物报告菌株探索了氧化锌纳米颗粒的抗菌、抗群体感应和抗生物膜活性。药敏试验结果表明，氧化锌纳米颗粒具有潜在的抗菌活性，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为4微克/毫升，最低杀菌浓度（MBC）为16微克/毫升。抗群体感应测定表明，这些纳米颗粒以1微克/毫升的最低抗群体感应活性（MQSIC）抑制群体感应，且不会引起任何细菌生长抑制。此外，氧化锌纳米颗粒在抑制浓度及更高浓度下可抑制生物膜形成。RT-qPCR结果支持了用氧化锌纳米颗粒处理时群体感应基因的下调。这项研究在生物膜和群体感应方面的结果很有前景，强调了氧化锌纳米颗粒在对抗细菌通讯和生物膜形成方面的潜在应用。
