Munoz-Perez Elena, Gonzalez-Pujana Ainhoa, Igartua Manoli, Santos-Vizcaino Edorta, Hernandez Rosa Maria
NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Oct 27;13(11):1802. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111802.
Considering the high prevalence and the complex pharmacological management of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), the search for new therapeutic approaches for their treatment is vital. Although the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been extensively studied as a potential therapy in this field, direct MSC implantation presents some limitations that could slow down the clinical translation. Since the beneficial effects of MSCs have been mainly attributed to their ability to secrete a plethora of bioactive factors, their secretome has been proposed as a new and promising pathway for the treatment of IMIDs. Formed from soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs), the MSC-derived secretome has been proven to elicit immunomodulatory effects that control the inflammatory processes that occur in IMIDs. This article aims to review the available knowledge on the MSC secretome, evaluating the advances in this field in terms of its composition, production and application, as well as analyzing the pending challenges in the field. Moreover, the latest research involving secretome administration in IMIDs is discussed to provide an updated state-of-the-art for this field. Finally, novel secretome delivery alternatives are reviewed, paying special attention to hydrogel encapsulation as one of the most convenient and promising strategies.
鉴于免疫介导的炎症性疾病（IMIDs）的高患病率和复杂的药物管理，寻找新的治疗方法至关重要。尽管间充质基质细胞（MSCs）的免疫调节和抗炎作用作为该领域的潜在治疗方法已得到广泛研究，但直接植入MSCs存在一些局限性，可能会减缓临床转化。由于MSCs的有益作用主要归因于其分泌大量生物活性因子的能力，因此其分泌组被认为是治疗IMIDs的一种新的、有前景的途径。由可溶性因子和细胞外囊泡（EVs）组成的MSCs来源的分泌组已被证明能引发免疫调节作用，控制IMIDs中发生的炎症过程。本文旨在综述关于MSCs分泌组的现有知识，从其组成、生产和应用方面评估该领域的进展，并分析该领域悬而未决的挑战。此外，还讨论了涉及在IMIDs中施用分泌组的最新研究，以提供该领域的最新技术水平。最后，综述了新型分泌组递送替代方案，特别关注水凝胶封装作为最方便和最有前景的策略之一。
