Zubair Muhammad, Abouelnazar Fatma A, Iqbal Muhammad Asad, Pan Jingyun, Zheng Xuwen, Chen Tao, Shen Wenming, Yin Jinnan, Yan Yongmin, Liu Pengjun, Mao Fei, Chu Ying
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 Mar 10;13:1563427. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1563427. eCollection 2025.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), especially, exosomes are considered to have diverse therapeutic effects for various significant diseases. MSC-derived exosomes (MSCex) offer substantial advantages over MSCs due to their long-term preservation, stability, absence of nuclei and fewer adverse effects such as infusion toxicity, thereby paving the way towards regenerative medicine and cell-free therapeutics. These exosomes harbor several cellular contents such as DNA, RNA, lipids, metabolites, and proteins, facilitating drug delivery and intercellular communication. MSCex have the ability to immunomodulate and trigger the anti-inflammatory process hence, playing a key role in alleviating inflammation and enhancing tissue regeneration. In this review, we addressed the anti-inflammatory effects of MSCex and the underlying immunomodulatory pathways. Moreover, we discussed the recent updates on MSCex in treating specific inflammatory diseases, including arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory eye diseases, and respiratory diseases such as asthma and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as well as neurodegenerative and cardiac diseases. Finally, we highlighted the challenges in using MSCex as the successful therapeutic tool and discussed future perspectives.
间充质干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡（MSC-EVs），尤其是外泌体，被认为对各种重大疾病具有多种治疗作用。源自间充质干细胞的外泌体（MSCex）相较于间充质干细胞具有显著优势，因为它们可以长期保存、稳定性高、无细胞核且副作用较少，如输注毒性，从而为再生医学和无细胞疗法铺平了道路。这些外泌体包含多种细胞成分，如DNA、RNA、脂质、代谢物和蛋白质，有助于药物递送和细胞间通讯。MSCex具有免疫调节和触发抗炎过程的能力，因此在减轻炎症和促进组织再生中发挥关键作用。在本综述中，我们阐述了MSCex的抗炎作用及其潜在的免疫调节途径。此外，我们讨论了MSCex在治疗特定炎症性疾病方面的最新进展，包括关节炎、炎症性肠病、炎症性眼病以及呼吸系统疾病，如哮喘和急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），以及神经退行性疾病和心脏疾病。最后，我们强调了将MSCex用作成功治疗工具所面临的挑战，并讨论了未来的前景。
