García-González Xandra, Salvador-Martín Sara
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain.
J Pers Med. 2021 Nov 11;11(11):1180. doi: 10.3390/jpm11111180.
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVs) are one of the main causes of mortality and disability around the world. Advances in drug treatment have greatly improved survival and quality of life in the past decades, but associated adverse events remain a relevant problem. Pharmacogenetics can help individualize cardiovascular treatment, reducing associated toxicities and improving outcomes. Several scientific societies and working groups periodically review available studies and provide consensus recommendations for those gene-drug pairs with a sufficient level of evidence. However, these recommendations are rarely mandatory, and the indications on how to adjust treatment can vary between different guidelines, which limits their clinical applicability. The aim of this review is to compile, compare and discuss available guidelines and recommendations by the main Pharmacogenetics Consortiums (Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC); Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG); the French Network of Pharmacogenetics (Réseau national de pharmacogénétique (RNPGx) and The Canadian Pharmacogenomics Network for Drug Safety (CPNDS) regarding how to apply pharmacogenetic results to optimize pharmacotherapy in cardiology. Pharmacogenetic recommendations included in European or American drug labels, as well as those included in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) treatment guidelines are also discussed.
心血管疾病（CVs）是全球主要的死亡和致残原因之一。在过去几十年中，药物治疗的进展极大地提高了生存率和生活质量，但相关的不良事件仍然是一个重要问题。药物遗传学有助于实现心血管治疗的个体化，减少相关毒性并改善治疗效果。多个科学协会和工作组定期对现有研究进行审查，并为那些有充分证据水平的基因-药物对提供共识性建议。然而，这些建议很少具有强制性，而且不同指南之间关于如何调整治疗的指征可能会有所不同，这限制了它们的临床适用性。本综述的目的是汇编、比较和讨论主要药物遗传学联盟（临床药物遗传学实施联盟（CPIC）；荷兰药物遗传学工作组（DPWG）；法国药物遗传学网络（Réseau national de pharmacogénétique（RNPGx））以及加拿大药物基因组学药物安全网络（CPNDS））关于如何应用药物遗传学结果优化心脏病药物治疗的现有指南和建议。还将讨论欧洲或美国药品标签中包含的药物遗传学建议，以及欧洲心脏病学会（ESC）、美国心脏病学会（ACC）和美国心脏协会（AHA）治疗指南中包含的建议。
