Brown Anne V, Grant David, Nelson Rex T
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 18;10(11):2494. doi: 10.3390/plants10112494.
Seeds, especially those of certain grasses and legumes, provide the majority of the protein and carbohydrates for much of the world's population. Therefore, improvements in seed quality and yield are important drivers for the development of new crop varieties to feed a growing population. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) have been identified for many biologically interesting and agronomically important traits, including many seed quality traits. QTL can help explain the genetic architecture of the traits and can also be used to incorporate traits into new crop cultivars during breeding. Despite the important contributions that QTL have made to basic studies and plant breeding, knowing the exact gene(s) conditioning each QTL would greatly improve our ability to study the underlying genetics, biochemistry and regulatory networks. The data sets needed for identifying these genes are increasingly available and often housed in species- or clade-specific genetics and genomics databases. In this demonstration, we present a generalized walkthrough of how such databases can be used in these studies using SoyBase, the USDA soybean Genetics and Genomics Database, as an example.
种子，尤其是某些禾本科植物和豆科植物的种子，为世界上大部分人口提供了大部分蛋白质和碳水化合物。因此，提高种子质量和产量是培育新作物品种以养活不断增长的人口的重要驱动力。已经确定了许多具有生物学意义和农学重要性的性状的数量性状位点（QTL），包括许多种子质量性状。QTL有助于解释性状的遗传结构，也可用于在育种过程中将性状整合到新的作物品种中。尽管QTL对基础研究和植物育种做出了重要贡献，但了解调控每个QTL的确切基因将极大地提高我们研究潜在遗传学、生物化学和调控网络的能力。识别这些基因所需的数据集越来越多，并且通常存储在特定物种或进化枝的遗传学和基因组学数据库中。在本演示中，我们以美国农业部大豆遗传学和基因组学数据库SoyBase为例，全面介绍如何在这些研究中使用此类数据库。
