Shamsi Saeed R H A Al, Rabert Gabriel A, Kurup Shyam S, Alyafei Mohammed Abdul Muhsen, Jaleel Abdul
Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
Northern Area Manager in Agriculture Affairs-Technical Services, Agricultural Extension Section, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 22;10(11):2550. doi: 10.3390/plants10112550.
The present investigation was carried out to explore the biochemical changes and antioxidant variations, including non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant variations, in the leaves of different varieties of date palm ( L.) belonging to the early, mid-, and late-flowering categories in the United Arab Emirates. The changes in the protein and phenol concentration; the ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, and α-tocopherol contents; and the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were studied in the leaves during the preflowering, flowering, and postflowering stages of the date palms. Two varieties each from the early (Shaham, Khanezi), mid- (Barhee, Nabthasaif), and late- (Khasab, Fardh) flowering types were used in this study. The protein content in the leaves was higher in the early flowering varieties during the preflowering stage but lower in the other two varieties. The phenol content showed an opposite trend to the protein. There was significant variation in the ascorbic acid content and a reduction in glutathione and α-tocopherol between the leaves of different varieties. Similarly, the activity of the antioxidant enzyme ascorbate peroxidase in the leaves was higher during the preflowering stage in all varieties. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and catalase (CAT) activity was highest in the Bharhee leaves for all the stages. The peroxidase activity (POD) was highest in the Fardh variety of date palm, whereas the Khanezi variety exhibited the lowest activity. This study can be used as a baseline for developing more protocols for understanding the possible roles of biochemicals, antioxidants, antioxidant enzymes, and their interactions in the regulation of flower development in different date palm varieties.
本研究旨在探索阿联酋早花、中花和晚花类别的不同枣椰树品种叶片中的生化变化和抗氧化变化，包括非酶促和酶促抗氧化变化。研究了枣椰树在开花前、开花期和开花后阶段叶片中蛋白质和酚类浓度、抗坏血酸、还原型谷胱甘肽和α-生育酚含量以及过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性的变化。本研究使用了早花型（沙哈姆、哈内齐）、中花型（巴尔希、纳布萨伊夫）和晚花型（哈萨卜、法尔德）各两个品种。早花品种在开花前阶段叶片中的蛋白质含量较高，但在其他两个品种中较低。酚类含量与蛋白质呈相反趋势。不同品种叶片之间抗坏血酸含量存在显著差异，谷胱甘肽和α-生育酚含量降低。同样，所有品种叶片中的抗氧化酶抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性在开花前阶段较高。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性在所有阶段的巴尔希叶片中最高。过氧化物酶活性（POD）在法尔德枣椰品种中最高，而哈内齐品种的活性最低。本研究可为制定更多方案提供基线，以了解生化物质、抗氧化剂、抗氧化酶及其相互作用在不同枣椰品种花发育调控中的可能作用。
