Baccolini Valentina, Renzi Erika, Isonne Claudia, Migliara Giuseppe, Massimi Azzurra, De Vito Corrado, Marzuillo Carolina, Villari Paolo
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Nov 7;9(11):1292. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9111292.
Achieving high levels of vaccination coverage against COVID-19 may be hindered by vaccine hesitancy. We quantified over time the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among university students, investigated its determinants, and analyzed student attitudes, risk perceptions and compliance with preventive measures. The survey was administered online from 1 March to 30 June 2021. A multivariable logistic regression model was built to identify predictors of hesitancy. Overall, we collected 5369 questionnaires that were grouped into three survey periods (March, April-May, and May-June). The response rate ranged from 81.2% to 76.4%, whereas vaccine hesitancy ranged from 22% to 29%. Multivariable analysis showed that April-May participants had higher odds of hesitancy than March respondents. Other positive predictors were being male, not being a healthcare student, having a lower academic level, and not disclosing a political position. Conversely, higher levels of perceived COVID-19 severity, concern for the emergency, confidence in vaccine safety and effectiveness, and self-reported adherence to mask wearing indoors and outdoors were negatively associated with hesitancy. We found that vaccine hesitancy changed over time and in relation to several factors. Strategies aimed at increasing the students' awareness and engagement, restoring confidence in health authorities, and limiting disinformation around the vaccines should be devised.
对新冠病毒的疫苗犹豫可能会阻碍实现高水平的新冠疫苗接种覆盖率。我们长期量化了大学生中新冠疫苗犹豫的流行情况，调查了其决定因素，并分析了学生的态度、风险认知以及对预防措施的遵守情况。该调查于2021年3月1日至6月30日在线进行。构建了一个多变量逻辑回归模型来识别犹豫的预测因素。总体而言，我们收集了5369份问卷，并将其分为三个调查时间段（3月、4 - 5月和5 - 6月）。回复率从81.2%到76.4%不等，而疫苗犹豫率从22%到29%不等。多变量分析表明，4 - 5月的参与者比3月的受访者有更高的犹豫几率。其他积极的预测因素包括男性、非医学生、学术水平较低以及未表明政治立场。相反，对新冠病毒严重程度的更高认知、对紧急情况的担忧、对疫苗安全性和有效性的信心以及自我报告的在室内外佩戴口罩的依从性与犹豫呈负相关。我们发现疫苗犹豫会随时间以及与若干因素相关而变化。应制定旨在提高学生意识和参与度、恢复对卫生当局的信心以及限制围绕疫苗的虚假信息的策略。
