Lee Kendall, Missaoui Ali, Mahmud Kishan, Presley Holly, Lonnee Marin
Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Department of Crop and Soil Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Microorganisms. 2021 Oct 20;9(11):2186. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9112186.
Cool-season grasses are the most common forage types in livestock operations and amenities. Several of the cool-season grasses establish mutualistic associations with an endophytic fungus of the genus. The grasses and endophytic fungi have evolved over a long period of time to form host-fungus specific relationships that confer protection for the grass against various stressors in exchange for housing and nutrients to the fungus. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which endophytes and grasses interact, including molecular pathways for secondary metabolite production. It also outlines specific mechanisms by which the endophyte helps protect the plant from various abiotic and biotic stressors. Finally, the review provides information on how infection of grass and stressors affect the rhizosphere environment of the plant.
冷季型草是畜牧生产和绿化设施中最常见的饲料类型。几种冷季型草与该属的一种内生真菌建立了共生关系。这些草和内生真菌经过长时间的进化，形成了宿主 - 真菌特异性关系，即草为真菌提供住所和养分，以换取真菌对草抵御各种压力源的保护。本综述概述了内生菌与草相互作用的机制，包括次生代谢产物产生的分子途径。它还概述了内生菌帮助植物抵御各种非生物和生物压力源的具体机制。最后，该综述提供了关于草的感染和压力源如何影响植物根际环境的信息。
