Vilela Caren Leite Spindola, Villela Helena Dias Müller, Rachid Caio Tavora Coelho da Costa, Carmo Flávia Lima do, Vermelho Alane Beatriz, Peixoto Raquel Silva
Department of General Microbiology, Paulo de Goes Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941912, Brazil.
Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Microorganisms. 2021 Oct 27;9(11):2235. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9112235.
Coral-associated microbes are crucial for the biology of their hosts, contributing to nutrient cycling, adaptation, mitigation of toxic compounds, and biological control of pathogens. Natural products from coral-associated micro-organisms (CAM) may possess unique traits. Despite this, the use of CAM for biotechnological purposes has not yet been adequately explored. Here, we investigated the production of commercially important enzymes by 37 strains of bacteria isolated from the coral species , , and . In-vitro enzymatic assays showed that up to 56% of the isolates produced at least one of the seven enzymes screened (lipase, caseinase, keratinase, cellulase, chitinase, amylase, and gelatinase); one strain, identified as produced all these enzymes. Additionally, coral species-specific cultured and uncultured microbial communities were identified. The phylum Firmicutes predominated among the isolates, including the genera , and , among others. Next-generation sequencing and bacteria culturing produced similar but also complementary data, with certain genera detected only by one or the other method. Our results demonstrate the importance of exploring different coral species as sources of specific micro-organisms of biotechnological and industrial interest, at the same time reinforcing the economic and ecological importance of coral reefs as reservoirs of such diversity.
与珊瑚相关的微生物对其宿主的生物学特性至关重要，有助于营养循环、适应环境、减轻有毒化合物的影响以及对病原体进行生物控制。来自与珊瑚相关的微生物（CAM）的天然产物可能具有独特的特性。尽管如此，将CAM用于生物技术目的的研究尚未得到充分探索。在此，我们研究了从珊瑚物种、和中分离出的37株细菌产生具有商业重要性的酶的情况。体外酶活性测定表明，高达56%的分离株产生了所筛选的七种酶（脂肪酶、酪蛋白酶、角蛋白酶、纤维素酶、几丁质酶、淀粉酶和明胶酶）中的至少一种；一株被鉴定为的菌株产生了所有这些酶。此外，还鉴定了特定珊瑚物种的培养和未培养微生物群落。厚壁菌门在分离株中占主导地位，包括属、属等。下一代测序和细菌培养产生了相似但又互补的数据，某些属仅通过其中一种方法检测到。我们的结果表明，探索不同的珊瑚物种作为具有生物技术和工业价值的特定微生物来源具有重要意义，同时也强化了珊瑚礁作为这种多样性宝库的经济和生态重要性。
