Saldutti Marco, Xiong Meng, Dimopoulos Evangelos, Yu Yi, Gioannini Mariangela, Mørk Jesper
DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
NanoPhoton-Center for Nanophotonics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Nov 12;11(11):3030. doi: 10.3390/nano11113030.
Photonic crystal cavities enable strong light-matter interactions, with numerous applications, such as ultra-small and energy-efficient semiconductor lasers, enhanced nonlinearities and single-photon sources. This paper reviews the properties of the modes of photonic crystal cavities, with a special focus on line-defect cavities. In particular, it is shown how the fundamental resonant mode in line-defect cavities gradually turns from Fabry-Perot-like to distributed-feedback-like with increasing cavity size. This peculiar behavior is directly traced back to the properties of the guided Bloch modes. Photonic crystal cavities based on Fano interference are also covered. This type of cavity is realized through coupling of a line-defect waveguide with an adjacent nanocavity, with applications to Fano lasers and optical switches. Finally, emerging cavities for extreme dielectric confinement are covered. These cavities promise extremely strong light-matter interactions by realizing deep sub-wavelength mode size while keeping a high quality factor.
光子晶体腔能够实现强光与物质的相互作用，具有众多应用，例如超小型且节能的半导体激光器、增强的非线性以及单光子源。本文回顾了光子晶体腔模式的特性，特别关注线缺陷腔。具体而言，展示了随着腔尺寸的增加，线缺陷腔中的基模如何从类似法布里 - 珀罗的模式逐渐转变为类似分布反馈的模式。这种特殊行为可直接追溯到导波布洛赫模式的特性。基于法诺干涉的光子晶体腔也在讨论范围内。这种类型的腔是通过将线缺陷波导与相邻纳米腔耦合实现的，应用于法诺激光器和光开关。最后，还介绍了用于极端介电限制的新兴腔。这些腔通过实现深亚波长模式尺寸并保持高品质因数，有望实现极其强烈的光与物质的相互作用。
