Department of Orthodontics, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat, Turkey.
Orthod Craniofac Res. 2022 Aug;25(3):409-415. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12550. Epub 2021 Dec 20.
The study aimed to investigate the effects of hypodontia on the sagittal and vertical dimensions of the jaws, dentition and the related soft tissue.
The hypodontia group included 111 patients whose growth was completed with one or more congenitally missing teeth (CMT). Sixty additional patients with skeletal and dental class I relationship, without CMT, and who completed growth, were included as the control group. The hypodontia group was divided into three subgroups according to the intermaxillary (maxillary or mandibular) location, intramaxillary (anterior or posterior) location and the severity of hypodontia (mild: 1-2 CMT or moderate: 3-6 CMT). Twenty-three measurements were performed on lateral cephalograms of the patients. The one-way and Kruskal-Wallis Analysis of Variance tests were used for the statistical analysis. The false discovery-rate analysis was applied for the multiple comparison adjustment.
No significant difference was found in the skeletal measurements between all hypodontia subgroups and the control (P > .05). Upper incisors were found to be retroclined in the anterior hypodontia group. The upper lip was found to be protruded in the mandibulary hypodontia group compared to the control (P < .05).
The mild-to-moderate hypodontia did not produce a significant skeletal effect. However, hypodontia can affect the incisors, especially when CMT is in the anterior region. Besides, the effects of severe hypodontia could not be evaluated due to the insufficient number of oligodontia patients.
本研究旨在探讨缺牙症对颌骨矢状向和垂直向、牙列及相关软组织的影响。
缺牙症组包括 111 名生长完成后存在 1 颗或多颗先天性缺牙（CMT）的患者。此外，还纳入了 60 名生长完成后具有骨骼和牙齿 I 类关系且无 CMT 的患者作为对照组。根据颌间（上颌或下颌）位置、颌内（前牙或后牙）位置和缺牙严重程度（轻度：1-2 颗 CMT 或中度：3-6 颗 CMT）将缺牙症组分为三个亚组。对患者的侧位头颅侧位片进行了 23 项测量。采用单因素方差分析和 Kruskal-Wallis 方差分析进行统计分析。应用错误发现率分析进行多重比较调整。
所有缺牙症亚组与对照组之间的骨骼测量值均无显著差异（P>.05）。在前牙缺牙症组中，上颌切牙被发现呈后倾。与对照组相比，下颌缺牙症组的上唇更突出（P<.05）。
轻度至中度缺牙症不会产生显著的骨骼影响。然而，缺牙症会影响切牙，尤其是 CMT 在前牙区时。此外，由于寡牙症患者数量不足，无法评估严重缺牙症的影响。
